Zend Framework1-Application

Zend_Application是Zend Framework的核心组件。Zend_Application为Zend Framework应用程序提供基本功能，是程序的入口点。它的主要功能有两个：装载配置PHP环境（包括自动加载），并引导应用程序。

通常情况下，通过配置选项配置Zend_Application构造器，但也可以完全使用自定义方法配置。以下是两个使用用例。

Zend_Application配置选项

构造函数：

    /**
     * Constructor
     *
     * Initialize application. Potentially initializes include_paths, PHP
     * settings, and bootstrap class.
     *
     * @param  string                   $environment
     * @param  string|array|Zend_Config $options String path to configuration file, or array/Zend_Config of configuration options
     * @throws Zend_Application_Exception When invalid options are provided
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($environment, $options = null)
    {
        $this->_environment = (string) $environment;

        require_once 'Zend/Loader/Autoloader.php';
        $this->_autoloader = Zend_Loader_Autoloader::getInstance();

        if (null !== $options) {
            if (is_string($options)) {
                $options = $this->_loadConfig($options);
            } elseif ($options instanceof Zend_Config) {
                $options = $options->toArray();
            } elseif (!is_array($options)) {
                throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Invalid options provided; must be location of config file, a config object, or an array');
            }

            $this->setOptions($options);
        }
    }

Zend_Application配置方法

1.使用配置文件

2.使用配置数组

常见配置选项  

Option	Description
phpSettings	用于配置php.ini选项，要求是数组，数组的键应该是选项的的key.
includePaths	把附加的路径加入到include_path，要求是数组
autoloaderNamespaces	给Zend_Loader_Autoloader注册附加命名空间，为数组
bootstrap	可以是设置bootstrap引导类的路径的字符串，也可以是数组，数组元素要求为 'path' 和 'class'

Zend_Application的方法：

(1)__construct($environment, $options = null)

返回值为Void

参数：$environment: 必填。 表示当前应用环境的String。典型的字符串可能包括 "development", "testing", "qa", or "production"，他们必须已经被定义。对应于配置文件文件中相关章节。

$options: 可选的，参数类型可能是:

String :  指定Zend_Config 文件的配置路径. $environment 用于指定配置文件的哪一个章节从1.10开始，可以设置多个配置文件路径，然后会被合并成一个单一的配置文件。这样更灵活，便于重用。在这种情况下的key是"config"，其值是文件路径数组。注：可以是路径字符串，或 array("config"=>array("/path1","/path2"[,...]));

Array : 配置应用的关联数组

Zend_Config:配置对象的实例

作用：构造函数。 用于初始化配置对象。   实例化Zend_Loader_Autoloader。通过传递给构造函数选项然后传递给setOptions（）方法。

(2)getEnvironment()

返回String，作用是获取环境配置

(3)getAutoloader()

返回Zend_Loader_Autoloader，作用是获取Zend_Loader_Autoloader实例

(4)setOptions(array $options)

返回：Zend_Application，参数：$options: 必填，要求是数组

作用：所有选项都存储在引用内部，并多次调用该方法来合并选项。会根据选项生产对于的setter方法。 例如，选项“phpSettings”对应setPhpSettings()。选项名称不区分大小写。

(5)getOptions()

返回Array

(6)hasOption($key)

返回Boolean，参数：$key判断是发有指定的配置

(9)getOption($key)

(10)setPhpSettings(array $settings, $prefix = '')

返回Zend_Application，参数$settings: 填.PHP INI 的配置关联数组，$prefix: 可选. 为选项添加前缀

(11)setAutoloaderNamespaces(array $namespaces)

返回Zend_Application，参数$namespaces: 必填.传递命名空间字符串数组，通过Zend_Loader_Autoloader实例注册

(12)setBootstrap($path, $class = null)

返回Zend_Application

参数：$path: 必填. 可能是Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrapper实例，自举类路径字符串，格式为classname => filename的关联数组，或key为“class”和value为“path”的关联数组。$class: 可选. 如果 $path 是字符串, $class 类名称
(13)getBootstrap()

返回NULL |Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrapper
作用：获取注册的bootstrap实例.

(14)bootstrap()

作用：调用 bootstrap的bootstrap() 引导应用

(5)run()

作用：调用bootstrap的 run()运行应用

配置举例：
默认

$application = new Zend_Application(
    APPLICATION_ENV,
    APPLICATION_PATH . '/configs/application.ini'
);
$application->bootstrap() ->run();

源代码
class Zend_Application
{    /**
     * Constructor
     *
     * Initialize application. Potentially initializes include_paths, PHP
     * settings, and bootstrap class.
     *
     * @param  string                   $environment
     * @param  string|array|Zend_Config $options String path to configuration file, or array/Zend_Config of configuration options
     * @throws Zend_Application_Exception When invalid options are provided
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($environment, $options = null)
    {
        $this->_environment = (string) $environment;

        require_once 'Zend/Loader/Autoloader.php';
        $this->_autoloader = Zend_Loader_Autoloader::getInstance();

        if (null !== $options) {
            if (is_string($options)) {
                $options = $this->_loadConfig($options);
            } elseif ($options instanceof Zend_Config) {
                $options = $options->toArray();
            } elseif (!is_array($options)) {
                throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Invalid options provided; must be location of config file, a config object, or an array');
            }

            $this->setOptions($options);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve current environment
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getEnvironment()
    {
        return $this->_environment;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve autoloader instance
     *
     * @return Zend_Loader_Autoloader
     */
    public function getAutoloader()
    {
        return $this->_autoloader;
    }

    /**
     * Set application options
     *
     * @param  array $options
     * @throws Zend_Application_Exception When no bootstrap path is provided
     * @throws Zend_Application_Exception When invalid bootstrap information are provided
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function setOptions(array $options)
    {
        if (!empty($options['config'])) {
            if (is_array($options['config'])) {
                $_options = array();
                foreach ($options['config'] as $tmp) {
                    $_options = $this->mergeOptions($_options, $this->_loadConfig($tmp));
                }
                $options = $this->mergeOptions($_options, $options);
            } else {
                $options = $this->mergeOptions($this->_loadConfig($options['config']), $options);
            }
        }

        $this->_options = $options;

        $options = array_change_key_case($options, CASE_LOWER);

        $this->_optionKeys = array_keys($options);

        if (!empty($options['phpsettings'])) {
            $this->setPhpSettings($options['phpsettings']);
        }

        if (!empty($options['includepaths'])) {
            $this->setIncludePaths($options['includepaths']);
        }

        if (!empty($options['autoloadernamespaces'])) {
            $this->setAutoloaderNamespaces($options['autoloadernamespaces']);
        }

        if (!empty($options['autoloaderzfpath'])) {
            $autoloader = $this->getAutoloader();
            if (method_exists($autoloader, 'setZfPath')) {
                $zfPath    = $options['autoloaderzfpath'];
                $zfVersion = !empty($options['autoloaderzfversion'])
                           ? $options['autoloaderzfversion']
                           : 'latest';
                $autoloader->setZfPath($zfPath, $zfVersion);
            }
        }

        if (!empty($options['bootstrap'])) {
            $bootstrap = $options['bootstrap'];

            if (is_string($bootstrap)) {
                $this->setBootstrap($bootstrap);
            } elseif (is_array($bootstrap)) {
                if (empty($bootstrap['path'])) {
                    throw new Zend_Application_Exception('No bootstrap path provided');
                }

                $path  = $bootstrap['path'];
                $class = null;

                if (!empty($bootstrap['class'])) {
                    $class = $bootstrap['class'];
                }

                $this->setBootstrap($path, $class);
            } else {
                throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Invalid bootstrap information provided');
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve application options (for caching)
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getOptions()
    {
        return $this->_options;
    }

    /**
     * Is an option present?
     *
     * @param  string $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasOption($key)
    {
        return in_array(strtolower($key), $this->_optionKeys);
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve a single option
     *
     * @param  string $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getOption($key)
    {
    }

    /**
     * Merge options recursively
     *
     * @param  array $array1
     * @param  mixed $array2
     * @return array
     */
    public function mergeOptions(array $array1, $array2 = null)
    {
        if (is_array($array2)) {
            foreach ($array2 as $key => $val) {
                if (is_array($array2[$key])) {
                    $array1[$key] = (array_key_exists($key, $array1) && is_array($array1[$key]))
                                  ? $this->mergeOptions($array1[$key], $array2[$key])
                                  : $array2[$key];
                } else {
                    $array1[$key] = $val;
                }
            }
        }
        return $array1;
    }

    /**
     * Set PHP configuration settings
     *
     * @param  array $settings
     * @param  string $prefix Key prefix to prepend to array values (used to map . separated INI values)
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function setPhpSettings(array $settings, $prefix = '')
    {
        foreach ($settings as $key => $value) {
            $key = empty($prefix) ? $key : $prefix . $key;
            if (is_scalar($value)) {
                ini_set($key, $value);
            } elseif (is_array($value)) {
                $this->setPhpSettings($value, $key . '.');
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set include path
     *
     * @param  array $paths
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function setIncludePaths(array $paths)
    {
        $path = implode(PATH_SEPARATOR, $paths);
        set_include_path($path . PATH_SEPARATOR . get_include_path());
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set autoloader namespaces
     *
     * @param  array $namespaces
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function setAutoloaderNamespaces(array $namespaces)
    {
        $autoloader = $this->getAutoloader();

        foreach ($namespaces as $namespace) {
            $autoloader->registerNamespace($namespace);
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set bootstrap path/class
     *
     * @param  string $path
     * @param  string $class
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function setBootstrap($path, $class = null)
    {
        // setOptions() can potentially send a null value; specify default
        // here
        if (null === $class) {
            $class = 'Bootstrap';
        }

        if (!class_exists($class, false)) {
            require_once $path;
            if (!class_exists($class, false)) {
                throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Bootstrap class not found');
            }
        }
        $this->_bootstrap = new $class($this);

        if (!$this->_bootstrap instanceof Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrapper) {
            throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Bootstrap class does not implement Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrapper');
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get bootstrap object
     *
     * @return Zend_Application_Bootstrap_BootstrapAbstract
     */
    public function getBootstrap()
    {
        if (null === $this->_bootstrap) {
            $this->_bootstrap = new Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap($this);
        }
        return $this->_bootstrap;
    }

    /**
     * Bootstrap application
     *
     * @param  null|string|array $resource
     * @return Zend_Application
     */
    public function bootstrap($resource = null)
    {
        $this->getBootstrap()->bootstrap($resource);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Run the application
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        $this->getBootstrap()->run();
    }

    /**
     * Load configuration file of options
     *
     * @param  string $file
     * @throws Zend_Application_Exception When invalid configuration file is provided
     * @return array
     */
    protected function _loadConfig($file)
    {
        $environment = $this->getEnvironment();
        $suffix      = pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
        $suffix      = ($suffix === 'dist')
                     ? pathinfo(basename($file, ".$suffix"), PATHINFO_EXTENSION)
                     : $suffix;

        switch (strtolower($suffix)) {
            case 'ini':
                $config = new Zend_Config_Ini($file, $environment);
                break;

            case 'xml':
                $config = new Zend_Config_Xml($file, $environment);
                break;

            case 'json':
                $config = new Zend_Config_Json($file, $environment);
                break;

            case 'yaml':
            case 'yml':
                $config = new Zend_Config_Yaml($file, $environment);
                break;

            case 'php':
            case 'inc':
                $config = include $file;
                if (!is_array($config)) {
                    throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Invalid configuration file provided; PHP file does not return array value');
                }
                return $config;
                break;

            default:
                throw new Zend_Application_Exception('Invalid configuration file provided; unknown config type');
        }

        return $config->toArray();
    }
}