Git&Gitlab

上传代码

git add *

推送暂存区

git commit -m “标记”

推送代码仓库

git push origin 分支名

 创建文件模拟代码提交到仓库

1.在testgit目录下创建一个测试文件test.txt
[root@client ~]# cd testgit/
[root@client testgit]# vim test.txt   #随便写点东西

2.把文件添加到暂存区：使用 "git add" 建立跟踪
[root@client testgit]# git add test.txt
注: 这里可以使用 git add * 或者 git add -A

3.提交文件到仓库分支：
[root@client testgit]# git commit -m "test1"
[master (root-commit) 2b51ff9] test1
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 test.txt
 -m:描述
 
 4.查看git状态：
[root@client testgit]# git status 
# On branch master   #分支位于master
5.修改文件后再此查看状态：
[root@client testgit]# echo '1122334' >> test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# 位于分支 master
# 尚未暂存以备提交的变更：
#   （使用 "git add <file>..." 更新要提交的内容）
#   （使用 "git checkout -- <file>..." 丢弃工作区的改动）
#
#    修改：      readme.txt
#
修改尚未加入提交（使用 "git add" 和/或 "git commit "
6.先add
[root@client testgit]# git add -A
8.再次提交commit：
[root@client testgit]# git commit  -m "add2"
[master 73bf688] add2
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 [root@client testgit]# git status 
# On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean

版本回退

已经提交了不合适的修改到版本库时，想要撤销本次提交，使用版本回退，不过前提是没有推送到远程库。

查看现在的版本：

[root@client testgit]# git log
显示的哪个版本在第一个就是当前使用的版本。

版本回退(切换)：在Git中，上一个版本就是HEAD^，当然往上100个版本写100个比较容易数不过来，所以写成HEAD~100（一般使用id号来恢复）

回到上一个版本

[root@client testgit]# git reset --hard HEAD^ 
HEAD is now at 0126755 test1
2.回到指定的版本(根据版本号): 
[root@client testgit]# git reset --hard dd66ff
HEAD is now at dd66ff9 add2
==========================================================
注：消失的ID号：
回到早期的版本后再查看git log会发现最近的版本消失，可以使用reflog查看消失的版本ID，用于回退到消失的版本
[root@vm20 gittest]# git reflog
2a85982 HEAD@{0}: reset: moving to 2a859821a2385e136fe83f3a206b287eb0eb8c18
f5bc8c1 HEAD@{1}: commit: test-version2
2a85982 HEAD@{2}: commit (initial): test-version1

[root@git-client testgit]# git reset --hard f5bc8c1

删除文件

从工作区删除test.txt，并且从版本库一起删除

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
工作区：
[root@client testgit]# touch test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       qf.txt
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
[root@client testgit]# rm -rf test.txt  未添加到暂存区，可直接删除
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
已从工作区提交到暂存区：
第一种方法
[root@client testgit]# touch test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       test.txt
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

[root@client testgit]# git add test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   test.txt
#

[root@client testgit]#  git rm --cache test.txt #从暂存区移除
rm 'test.txt'
[root@client testgit]# ls
test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       test.txt
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
[root@client testgit]# rm -rf test.txt 
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
nothing to commit (create/copy files and use "git add" to track)

第二种方法：
[root@client testgit]# touch  b.txt
[root@client testgit]# git add b.txt 
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   b.txt
#
[root@client testgit]# git rm -f b.txt 
rm 'b.txt'
[root@client testgit]# ls
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
nothing to commit (create/copy files and use "git add" to track)

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
直接在暂存区rm掉文件，如何解决
[root@client testgit]# touch c.txt
[root@client testgit]# git add c.txt 
[root@client testgit]# ls
c.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   c.txt
#
[root@client testgit]# rm -rf c.txt 
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   c.txt
#
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add/rm <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#       deleted:    c.txt
#
[root@client testgit]# git rm --cache c.txt
rm 'c.txt'
[root@client testgit]# ls
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
nothing to commit (create/copy files and use "git add" to track)
[root@client testgit]# 
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

修改文件

 暂存区修改名称
[root@client testgit]# touch  a.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       a.txt
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
[root@client testgit]# git add a.txt 
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   a.txt
#
[root@client testgit]# git mv a.txt  d.txt
[root@client testgit]# git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   d.txt
#
[root@client testgit]# ls
d.txt  test.txt
[root@client testgit]# git rm --cache d.txt
[root@client testgit]# rm -rf d.txt

 将代码上传到仓库的master分支

[root@client testgit]# vi a.txt   #创建一个新文件
hello world
[root@client testgit]# git add a.txt 
[root@client testgit]# git commit -m "add"
[root@client testgit]# git push origin master   #上传到中心仓库master分支
Counting objects: 11, done.
Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Writing objects: 100% (11/11), 828 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 11 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To git@192.168.246.214:/git-test/testgit/
 * [new branch]      master -> master

测试:
在客户端将仓库删除掉然后在克隆下来查看仓库中是否有文件

 [root@client testgit]# cd
[root@client ~]# rm -rf testgit/
[root@client ~]# git clone git@192.168.246.214:/git-test/testgit/
Cloning into 'testgit'...
remote: Counting objects: 11, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 11 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (11/11), done.
[root@client ~]# cd testgit/
[root@client testgit]# ls
a.txt
[root@client testgit]# cat a.txt 
hello world

Gitlab基本命令

git add * 提交更改到暂存区

git commit -m "" 描述提交

git push origin 分支名 #推送本地代码到远程仓库

git pull origin 分支名 #拉取最新代码

git status 查看本地代码状态

git checkout 分支名 #切换到分支

git checkout -b 分支名 #切换到分支，如果不存在则创建

git version #查看git版本

git log #查看历史提交

git branch #查看分支列表

git merge 分支1 #把分支1合并到当前分支

git tag -a "V1" -m "描述" #打标签