JDBC : Java获取数据库连接（Driver And DriverManager）

Driver：

package xuezaipiao;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class getDabseConnection {

	public static void main(String[] args){
		
		System.out.println(getConnection());
		
	}
	private static Connection getConnection(){
		
		//1.获取本地配置文件
		
		Properties properties = new Properties();
		try {
			properties.load(new FileInputStream("D://LearnJava//learnJDBC//src//jdbc.properties"));
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String driverName = properties.getProperty("driver");

		//2.创建数据库驱动
		
		Driver driver = null;
		try {
			driver = (Driver) Class.forName(driverName).newInstance();//反射创建
		} catch (InstantiationException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		//3.获取配置信息
		
		String user = properties.getProperty("user");
		String password = properties.getProperty("password");
		String jdbcUrl = properties.getProperty("jdbcUrl");
		Properties info = new Properties();
		info.put("user", user);
		info.put("password", password);
		
		//4.数据库连接
		
		Connection connection = null;
		try {
			connection = driver.connect(jdbcUrl, info);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		return connection;
	}
}

jdbc.properties

#oracle
driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbcUrl=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
user=scott
password=qiaolezi

#MySQL
#driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test
#user=root
#password=qiaolezi

只需改动properties就可以获取到不同的数据库连接

当然Driver是最原始的，还可以通过DriverManager获取数据库连接

package xuezaipiao;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class getDabseConnection {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		
		//System.out.println(getDriverConnection());
		System.out.println(getDriverManagerCon());
		
	}
	private static Connection getDriverManagerCon() throws Exception{
		
		//1.获取配置文件信息
		
		Properties properties = new Properties();
		try {
			properties.load(new FileInputStream("D://LearnJava//learnJDBC//src//jdbc.properties"));
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		String user = properties.getProperty("user");
		String password = properties.getProperty("password");
		String jdbcUrl = properties.getProperty("jdbcUrl");
		String dirverName = properties.getProperty("driver");
		
		//2.加载数据库驱动程序（注册驱动）,因为对于的Driver实现类中有注册驱动的静态代码块（看源代码）
		
		try {
			//DriverManager.registerDriver((Driver) Class.forName(dirverName).newInstance());
			Class.forName(dirverName);//实际上应该写成注释部分，但是这样也可以
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
		
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		//3.通过getConnection()获取数据库连接
		
		Connection connection = null;
		try {
			connection = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcUrl, user, password);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return connection;
	}
	
}

Driver源码

DriverManger的好处：

DriverManager是驱动管理类

1)可以通过重载的getConnection()方法获取数据库连接，相比较Driver而言比较方便

2)可以同时管理多个驱动程序，只需要getConnection()方法中的参数不同即可，而Driver需要Properties

不同数据库连接形式：

对于 Oracle 数据库连接，采用如下形式： 
jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:sid
对于 SQLServer 数据库连接，采用如下形式：
jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver//localhost:1433：sid; 
对于 MYSQL 数据库连接，采用如下形式：   
jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sid

PS：sid是数据库名