SP375 Query on a tree【树链剖分】

题意：给定一棵树，求一条路径上的边权最大值

思路：树链剖分，把一颗树，转化成一个区间，就可以用线段树，快速解决一些问题了

至此用这个模板终于会处理点权问题了，LCA那个dfs序转成链，我不会算点权的

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
#include<string>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<vector>
#include<list>
#include<map>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
#include<numeric>
#include<functional>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;
#define lson(x) 2*x
#define rson(x) 2*x+1
const int maxn = 1e4+5;
struct Edge
{
	int to,next,cost;
}edge[maxn*4];
int e1[maxn],e2[maxn],cost[maxn];
int head[maxn],tot,cnt;
int root,size[maxn],dep[maxn],fa[maxn],son[maxn];
int top[maxn],id[maxn],val[maxn];
/*
size -> 以x为根节点子树的大小   dep -> 深度 
fa   -> 父节点                  son -> 重儿子 
top  -> x所在重链的顶端节点     
id -> 这个点在线段树中的位置 
*/
struct data
{
	int l,r,num;
}node[maxn*4];

void init()
{
	memset(head,-1,sizeof head);
	tot = 0;
	cnt = 0;
}

void add(int x,int y,int val)
{
	edge[tot].to = y;
	edge[tot].cost = val;
	edge[tot].next = head[x];
	head[x] = tot++;
}

int dfs1(int x,int pre,int d)
{
	size[x] = 1;
	fa[x] = pre;
	dep[x] = d;
	son[x] = 0;
	for(int i = head[x]; i != -1; i = edge[i].next)
	{
		int y = edge[i].to;
		if(y != pre)
		{
			size[x] += dfs1(y,x,d+1);
			if(size[y] > size[son[x]])
				son[x] = y;
		}
	}
	return size[x];
}

void dfs2(int x,int pre)
{
	id[x] = ++cnt;
	top[x] = pre;
	if(son[x]) dfs2(son[x],pre); //重链 
	for(int i = head[x]; i != -1; i = edge[i].next)
	{
		int y = edge[i].to;
		if(y != fa[x] && y != son[x])
			dfs2(y,y); //轻链
	}
}

void pushup(int cnt)
{
	node[cnt].num = max(node[lson(cnt)].num,node[rson(cnt)].num);
}

void build(int x,int y, int cnt)
{
	node[cnt].l = x;
	node[cnt].r = y;
	if(x == y)
	{
		node[cnt].num = val[x];
		return;
	}
	int mid = (x+y) / 2;
	build(x,mid,lson(cnt));
	build(mid+1,y,rson(cnt));
	pushup(cnt);
}

void up(int x,int y,int cnt,int val)
{
	if(x == node[cnt].l && y == node[cnt].r)
	{
		node[cnt].num = val;
		return;
	}
	int fa = 2*cnt;
	if(x <= node[fa].r)
	{
		if(y <= node[fa].r)
			up(x,y,fa,val);
		else
			up(x,node[fa].r,fa,val);
	}
	fa++;
	if(y >= node[fa].l)
	{
		if(x >= node[fa].l)
			up(x,y,fa,val);
		else
			up(node[fa].l,y,fa,val);
	}
	pushup(cnt);
}

int fid(int x,int y,int cnt)
{
	int res = 0;
	if(x == node[cnt].l && y == node[cnt].r)
	{
		return node[cnt].num;
	}
	int fa = 2*cnt;
	if(x <= node[fa].r)
	{
		if(y <= node[fa].r)
			res = max(res,fid(x,y,fa));
		else
			res = max(res,fid(x,node[fa].r,fa));
	}
	fa++;
	if(y >= node[fa].l)
	{
		if(x >= node[fa].l)
			res = max(res,fid(x,y,fa));
		else
			res = max(res,fid(node[fa].l,y,fa));
	}
	return res;
}

int qurey(int u,int v)
{
	int ans = 0;
	while(top[u] != top[v])
	{
		if(dep[top[u]] < dep[top[v]])
			swap(u,v);
		ans = max(ans,fid(id[top[u]],id[u],1));
		u = top[u];
		u = fa[u];
	}
	if(dep[u] > dep[v])
		swap(u,v);
	ans = max(ans,fid(id[son[u]],id[v],1)); 
	return ans;//存的都是点的父边，最上面的点用son[u] 
}

int main()
{
	int T,n,kase = 1;
	char ch[50];
	scanf("%d",&T);
	while(T--)
	{
		if(kase++ != 1)
			putchar('\n');
		scanf("%d",&n);
		init();
		for(int i = 1; i < n; i++)
		{
			int a,b,c;
			scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
			e1[i] = a;e2[i] = b;cost[i] = c;
			add(a,b,c);
			add(b,a,c);
		}
		root = (n+1) / 2;
		dfs1(root,root,1);
		dfs2(root,root);
		for(int i = 1; i < n; i++)
		{
			if(dep[ e1[i] ] < dep[ e2[i] ])
				swap(e1[i],e2[i]);
			val[ id[e1[i]] ] = cost[i];
		}
		build(1,cnt,1);
		while(scanf("%s",ch)!=EOF && ch[0]!='D')
		{
			int a,b;
			scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
			if(ch[0] == 'Q')
			{
				int ans = qurey(a,b);
				printf("%d\n",ans);
			}
			else
				up(id[e1[a]],id[e1[a]],1,b);
		}
	}
}