在工作中,需要随机产生数据库中的字符,以免主键冲突或者违反唯一性约束,特简单写了一个并在此记录一下,在这里产生的方式主要有两种,一种方法是通过随机产生一个个字符,另一种方法是通过UUID方式生成。
代码如下所示:
package com.bijian.test;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.UUID;
public class RandomUtils {
public static final String allChar = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
public static final String letterChar = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
public static final String numberChar = "0123456789";
/**
* 由大小写字母、数字组成的随机字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String generateString(int length) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(allChar.charAt(random.nextInt(allChar.length())));
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 由大小写字母组成的随机字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String generateMixString(int length) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append(letterChar.charAt(random.nextInt(letterChar.length())));
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 由小字字母组成的随机字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String generateLowerString(int length) {
return generateMixString(length).toLowerCase();
}
/**
* 由大写字母组成的随机字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String generateUpperString(int length) {
return generateMixString(length).toUpperCase();
}
/**
* 产生指字个数的0组成的字符串
* @param length
* @return
*/
public static String generateZeroString(int length) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
sb.append('0');
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 将数字转化成指字长度的字符串
* @param num
* @param fixdlenth
* @return
*/
public static String toFixdLengthString(long num, int fixdlenth) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
String strNum = String.valueOf(num);
if (fixdlenth - strNum.length() >= 0) {
sb.append(generateZeroString(fixdlenth - strNum.length()));
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("将数字" + num + "转化为长度为" + fixdlenth + "的字符串发生异常!");
}
sb.append(strNum);
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 将数字转化成指字长度的字符串
* @param num
* @param fixdlenth
* @return
*/
public static String toFixdLengthString(int num, int fixdlenth) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
String strNum = String.valueOf(num);
if (fixdlenth - strNum.length() >= 0) {
sb.append(generateZeroString(fixdlenth - strNum.length()));
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("将数字" + num + "转化为长度为" + fixdlenth + "的字符串发生异常!");
}
sb.append(strNum);
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 这个方法只支持最大长度为32的随机字符串,如要支持更大长度的,可以适当修改此方法,如前面补、后面补,或者多个uuid相连接
* @param length
* @return
*/
private static String toFixedLengthStringByUUID(int length) {
//也可以通过UUID来随机生成
UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
return uuid.toString().replace("-", "").substring(0, length);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(generateString(32));
System.out.println(generateMixString(32));
System.out.println(generateLowerString(32));
System.out.println(generateUpperString(32));
System.out.println(generateZeroString(32));
System.out.println(toFixdLengthString(123, 32));
System.out.println(toFixdLengthString(123L, 32));
System.out.println(toFixedLengthStringByUUID(32));
}
}