邮件ssl证书

使用javamail发送邮件时或执行webservice的过程如出现ssl异常，如下：

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException:
PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException:
unable to find valid certification path to requested target

这是缺少安全证书时出现的异常，解决方案就是将你要访问的smtp或webservice的安全认证证书导入到客户端即可。以下是获取安全证书的一种方法

1，写一个程序专门获取安全证书，参考InstallCert.java:

/*
 * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 *   - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *   - Neither the name of Sun Microsystems nor the names of its
 *     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
 *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
 * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;

import java.security.*;
import java.security.cert.*;

import javax.net.ssl.*;

public class InstallCert {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 String host;
 int port;
 char[] passphrase;
 if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {
     String[] c = args[0].split(":");
     host = c[0];
     port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);
     String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];
     passphrase = p.toCharArray();
 } else {
     System.out.println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");
     return;
 }

 File file = new File("jssecacerts");
 if (file.isFile() == false) {
     char SEP = File.separatorChar;
     File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP
      + "lib" + SEP + "security");
     file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");
     if (file.isFile() == false) {
  file = new File(dir, "cacerts");
     }
 }
 System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");
 InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
 KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
 ks.load(in, passphrase);
 in.close();

 SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
 TrustManagerFactory tmf =
     TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
 tmf.init(ks);
 X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager)tmf.getTrustManagers()[0];
 SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);
 context.init(null, new TrustManager[] {tm}, null);
 SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();

 System.out.println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");
 SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket)factory.createSocket(host, port);
 socket.setSoTimeout(10000);
 try {
     System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");
     socket.startHandshake();
     socket.close();
     System.out.println();
     System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");
 } catch (SSLException e) {
     System.out.println();
     e.printStackTrace(System.out);
 }

 X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;
 if (chain == null) {
     System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");
     return;
 }

 BufferedReader reader =
  new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

 System.out.println();
 System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");
 System.out.println();
 MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");
 MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
 for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {
     X509Certificate cert = chain[i];
     System.out.println
      (" " + (i + 1) + " Subject " + cert.getSubjectDN());
     System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());
     sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());
     System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));
     md5.update(cert.getEncoded());
     System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));
     System.out.println();
 }

 System.out.println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");
 String line = reader.readLine().trim();
 int k;
 try {
     k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;
 } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
     System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");
     return;
 }

 X509Certificate cert = chain[k];
 String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);
 ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);

 OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");
 ks.store(out, passphrase);
 out.close();

 System.out.println();
 System.out.println(cert);
 System.out.println();
 System.out.println
  ("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"
  + alias + "'");
    }

    private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();

    private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {
 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);
 for (int b : bytes) {
     b &= 0xff;
     sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);
     sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);
     sb.append(' ');
 }
 return sb.toString();
    }

    private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

 private final X509TrustManager tm;
 private X509Certificate[] chain;

 SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {
     this.tm = tm;
 }

 public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
 }

 public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
  throws CertificateException {
     throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
 }

 public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
  throws CertificateException {
     this.chain = chain;
     tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
 }
    }

}

2.执行 java InstallCert hostname 比如

java InstallCert smtp.xxx.com

会看到如下信息：

java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com
Loading KeyStore /usr/jdk/instances/jdk1.5.0/jre/lib/security/cacerts...
Opening connection to ecc.fedora.redhat.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:150)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1476)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:174)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:168)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:846)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:106)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:495)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:433)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:815)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1025)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1038)
 at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:63)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:221)
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:145)
 at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:203)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:172)
 at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(InstallCert.java:158)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.JsseX509TrustManager.checkServerTrusted(SSLContextImpl.java:320)
 at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:839)
 ... 7 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
 at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:236)
 at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:194)
 at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:216)
 ... 13 more

Server sent 1 certificate(s):

 1 Subject CN=smtp.xxx.com, O=Neusoft, ST=Liaoning, C=CN
   Issuer  CN=Neusoft
   sha1    52 e8 3a 67 48 93 6e 93 ee 94 a6 a4 8e ab 8e 11 d7 ec 6d e8 
   md5     84 6d 28 e7 16 b1 c4 08 6c 10 c9 14 d0 2e 25 b7 


Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]

3.输入1，然后直接回车，会在相应的目录下产生一个名为‘jssecacerts’的证书。将证书copy到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security或jdk相应目录下，或者通过以下方式

System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "D:\\UTA\\DOC_E_Health_XML\\Keystore\\jssecacerts");