linux安装mysql

1.下载网址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

2.解压

 tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

移动并重命名：

 mv mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3.创建mysql用户组和用户并修改权限

 groupadd mysql
 useradd -r -g mysql mysql

创建数据目录并赋予权限

 mkdir -p  /data/mysql
 chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql

4.配置my.cnf

 vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

5.初始化数据库

 cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
 ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

查看密码

 cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

6.启动mysql
先将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中

 cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

启动

 service mysql start
 ps -ef|grep mysql

7.修改root密码，前面那个密码是随机生成的
先登录mysql，在bin目录下

 ./mysql -u root -p

 SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
 ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

8.使root能在任何host访问，先登录mysql

 use mysql
 update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

9.问题
若连接数据库时出现错误：2003-Can’t connect to Mysql server on ‘xxx’ (10060 “Unknown error”)
执行quit退出数据库，打开防火墙端口3306

 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重启防火墙并检查是否生效

 firewall-cmd --reload
 firewall-cmd --list-ports

完成！