Fragment

一、静态添加Fragment

新建一个项目FragmentDemo1,
添加一个布局：fragment1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#0078ff"
    >
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="This is fragment1"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        />
</LinearLayout>

添加另一个布局：fragment2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#ffff00"
    >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="This is fragment2"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:textSize="25dp"
        />
</LinearLayout>

新建一个类Fragment1，集成Fragment

package com.example.xm.fragmentdemo1;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * Created by xm on 2016/4/18.
 */
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    /*3个参数
    1，Fragment需要加载的布局文件
    2，加载layout的父ViewGroup
    3,false:不返回父ViewGroup
    * */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1,container,false);

        return view;
    }
}

Fragment2类：

package com.example.xm.fragmentdemo1;

import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * Created by xm on 2016/4/18.
 */
public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    /*3个参数
    1，Fragment需要加载的布局文件
    2，加载layout的父ViewGroup
    3,false:不返回父ViewGroup
    * */
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment2,container,false);

        return view;
    }
}

主Activity的布局文件activity_main.xml，，在里面加入两个Fragment的引用，使用android:name前缀来引用具体的Fragment：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    >
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment1"
        android:name="com.example.xm.fragmentdemo1.Fragment1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/fragment2"
        android:name="com.example.xm.fragmentdemo1.Fragment2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        />


</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.xm.fragmentdemo1;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
/*
* 此实验是简单的Fragment的静态添加
* */
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

运行效果：

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二、动态添加Fragment

动态的添加Fragment，可以使程序的页面就可以定制更加的多样化

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_show_fragment1"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示Fragment1"
        />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_show_fragment2"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="显示Fragment2"
        />

    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    </FrameLayout>
</LinearLayout>

要实现的效果：

在MainActivity.java中：

package com.example.xm.fragmentdemo2;
/*
* 动态的添加Fragment，可以使程序的页面就可以定制更加的多样化
* */

import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show_fragment1);
        button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Fragment1 fragment1 = new Fragment1();
                //1，获取到FragmentManager，通过getFragmentManager获取
                FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();

                //2，开启一个事务，通过调用beginTransaction方法开启
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                //3，向容器内加入Fragment，一般使用add或者replace方法实现，需要传入容器的id和Fragment的实例
                transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container,fragment1);

                transaction.addToBackStack(null);
                //4，提交事务，调用的是commit方法提交
                transaction.commit();

            }
        });

        Button button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_show_fragment2);
        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Fragment2 fragment2 = new Fragment2();
                FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
                FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                transaction.add(R.id.fragment_container,fragment2);
                transaction.commit();
            }
        });
    }
}