微信公众号开发接入

微信公众号开发

准备工作

你要有一个微信公众号，一个内网穿透工具

相关网站

• 微信公众号：微信公众平台
• 官网文档：接入概述 | 微信开放文档

需要资料

• 服务器配置：设置与开发-->基本配置-->服务器配置
• token：3-32字符，自己生成配置到服务器配置
• 公网 IP：云服务器一般都有公网IP
• 内网穿透工具：本地测试需要穿透，否则无法对接。花生壳、natapp 等自行百度

注意事项

1. 请求URL超时，说明内网穿透有问题
2. 微信验证消息和推送消息事件接口是同一地址，验证消息是GET请求 ，事件推送消息是POST。
3. 验证成功接口需要给微信原样返回随机字符串（echostr）内容，否则配置失败
4. 响应类型(Content-Type) 一定要是 text/plan
5. 切记自己对接的系统要是有权鉴，一定要放行微信消息验证接口

代码示例

消息验证

	public void pushGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); // 签名
	String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr"); // 随机字符串
	String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); // 时间戳
	String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); // 随机数
	log.debug("signature:{}", signature);
	log.debug("echostr:{}", echostr);
	log.debug("timestamp:{}", timestamp);
	log.debug("nonce:{}", nonce);
	System.out.println("signature:" + signature);
	String sha1 = getSHA1(token, timestamp, nonce);
	System.out.println("sha1:" + sha1);
	if (sha1.equals(signature)) {
	log.debug("成功");
	this.responseText(echostr, response);
	}
	}

事件推送

	public void pushPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); // 签名
	String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); // 时间戳
	String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); // 随机数
	String sha1 = getSHA1(token, timestamp, nonce);
	if (sha1.equals(signature)) {
	Map<String, Object> map = null;
	try {
	map = XmlUtil.parseXMLToMap(request.getInputStream());
	} catch (IOException e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
	}
	log.debug("事件消息体:{}", map);
	this.responseText("", response); // 回复空串，微信服务器不会对此作任何处理
	}
	}

完整代码

	import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
	import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
	import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
	import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
	import java.io.IOException;
	import java.io.PrintWriter;
	import java.security.MessageDigest;
	import java.util.*;
	/**
	* @description: 微信配置
	* @author: Mr.Fang
	* @create: 2023-05-26
	**/
	@Api(tags = "微信配置")
	@Slf4j
	@RestController
	@RequestMapping("/wx/")
	public class WxController {
	String token="78******23";
	@ApiOperation(value = "微信 token URL 验证")
	@GetMapping(value = "push")
	public void pushGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); // 签名
	String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr"); // 随机字符串
	String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); // 时间戳
	String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); // 随机数
	log.debug("signature:{}", signature);
	log.debug("echostr:{}", echostr);
	log.debug("timestamp:{}", timestamp);
	log.debug("nonce:{}", nonce);
	System.out.println("signature:" + signature);
	String sha1 = getSHA1(token, timestamp, nonce);
	System.out.println("sha1:" + sha1);
	if (sha1.equals(signature)) {
	log.debug("成功");
	this.responseText(echostr, response);
	}
	}
	@ApiOperation(value = "接收微信事件")
	@PostMapping(value = "push")
	public void pushPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
	String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); // 签名
	String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); // 时间戳
	String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); // 随机数
	String sha1 = getSHA1(token, timestamp, nonce);
	if (sha1.equals(signature)) {
	Map<String, Object> map = null;
	try {
	// input 流返回是 xml 格式 这里转 map 了
	map = XmlUtil.parseXMLToMap(request.getInputStream());
	} catch (IOException e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
	}
	log.debug("事件消息体:{}", map);
	this.responseText("", response); // 回复空串，微信服务器不会对此作任何处理
	}
	}
	/**
	* 返回响应结果
	*
	* @param text 响应内容
	* @param response
	*/
	public void responseText(String text, HttpServletResponse response) {
	response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
	response.setContentType("text/plan;charset=UTF-8");
	PrintWriter writer = null;
	try {
	writer = response.getWriter();
	} catch (IOException e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
	}
	writer.write(text);
	writer.flush();
	writer.close();
	}
	/**
	* 用SHA1算法生成安全签名
	*
	* @param token 票据
	* @param timestamp 时间戳
	* @param nonce 随机字符串
	* @return 安全签名
	*/
	public String getSHA1(String token, String timestamp, String nonce) {
	try {
	String[] array = new String[]{token, timestamp, nonce};
	StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
	// 字符串排序
	Arrays.sort(array);
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
	sb.append(array[i]);
	}
	String str = sb.toString();
	// SHA1签名生成
	MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
	md.update(str.getBytes());
	byte[] digest = md.digest();
	StringBuffer hexstr = new StringBuffer();
	String shaHex = "";
	for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
	shaHex = Integer.toHexString(digest[i] & 0xFF);
	if (shaHex.length() < 2) {
	hexstr.append(0);
	}
	hexstr.append(shaHex);
	}
	return hexstr.toString();
	} catch (Exception e) {
	e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return null;
	}
	}

响应结果

消息验证

	signature:207e05105427e1203e769245b3860212c0ffcc56
	echostr:5692172970033782203
	timestamp:1685068850
	nonce:499790541
	signature:207e05105427e1203e769245b3860212c0ffcc56
	sha1:207e05105427e1203e769245b3860212c0ffcc56
	成功

事件推送

打开公众号发送消息，接口就可以获取到推送事件消息内容了

{"Content":"嘻嘻嘻","CreateTime":"1685068967","ToUserName":"gh_2121212a95","FromUserName":"333333333nSg8OlaSuB0d-f8FKZo","MsgType":"text","MsgId":"24124387253374797"}

其他信息

公众号配置

内网穿透