新安装的系统,软件包更新,首先找一个速度不错的Ubuntu源,这里网上搜了一个。
http://www.cnblogs.com/lei1016cn/archive/2010/10/21/1857761.html
更改源
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vi
/etc/apt/source
.list
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全部删除,加入下面的源。
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### Security Sourcelist
deb http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security main restricted
deb-src http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security main restricted
deb http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security universe
deb-src http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security universe
deb http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security multiverse
deb-src http:
//security
.ubuntu.com
/ubuntu
maverick-security multiverse
### 163.com Sourcelist
deb http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick main universe restricted multiverse
deb-src http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick main universe restricted multiverse
deb http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-updates universe main multiverse restricted
deb http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http:
//mirrors
.163.com
/ubuntu/
maverick-updates universe main multiverse restricted
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上面部分是保留Ubuntu官方紧急安全补丁源。保存后,执行
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sudo
apt-get update
sudo
apt-get upgrade
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安装Nginx
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apt-get
install
nginx
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安装Mysql-server
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apt-get
install
mysql-server
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安装php,php-fpm,php常用模块
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apt-get
install
php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-fpm php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl php5-ming php5-pspell php5-recode
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就这样,把Nginx,mysql,php都安装好了,安装好后都是启动了的,手动启动或者停止服务用下面的命令。
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service nginx start
#启动nginx
service nginx restart
#重启nginx
service nginx stop
#停止nginx
service php5-fpm start
#启动php5-fpm
service php5-fpm restart
#重启php5-fpm
service php5-fpm reload
#重加载php5-fpm
service php5-fpm stop
#停止php5-fpm
service mysql start
#启动mysql
service mysql restart
#重启mysql
service mysql stop
#停止mysql
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安装好了,还需要做一些优化配置。
nginx优化配置,/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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user www-data;
worker_processes 8;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
error_log
/var/log/nginx/error
.log;
pid
/var/run/nginx
.pid;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
multi_accept on;
}
http {
include
/etc/nginx/mime
.types;
access_log
/var/log/nginx/access
.log;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
tcp_nodelay on;
tcp_nopush on;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 2k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
client_max_body_size 20m;
## gzip
gzip
on;
gzip_disable
"MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)"
;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text
/plain
text
/css
image
/jpeg
application
/json
application
/x-javascript
text
/xml
application
/x-shockwave-flash
application
/xml
application
/xml
+rss text
/javascript
;
gzip_vary on;
include
/etc/nginx/conf
.d/*.conf;
include
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
*;
}
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上面的是按照服务器8个cpu来配置的,也就是每个cpu开一个worker总共8个,并且指定每个worker的序号
php-fpm优化配置,主要是进出数的配置,找到以下几个关键配置选项,在/etc/php5/fpm/poll.d/www.conf
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pm = dynamic
#这里可以设置为dynamic/static,前者为动态管理php-fpm进程,后者为静态
pm.max_children 200
#最大的子进程数量,这个参数只在pm=static模式下有效,dynamic模式得下面参控制
pm.start_servers = 200
#启动的时候开启的进程数
pm.min_spare_servers = 100
#空闲时候最少保留的进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 300
#最大进程数
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上面假如选择pm的方式为static,那么只有pm.max_children参数设置起作用,因为使用静态的模式管理进程,php-fpm管理器只会静态的设置最大的进程数量为max_children,而反过来,使用pm=dynamic,则pm.max_children不起作用了,会根据下面的三个参数联合控制。这里,pm.start_servers是要根据pm.min_spare_servers和pm.max_spare_servers两个参数的设置计算来的,公式为:pm.start_servers = pm.min_spare_servers + (pm.max_spare_servers – pm.min_spare_servers)/2。
另外,到底开启多少进程数合适呢?以及选择怎样的模式更好呢?
假如服务器配置不错,那就是用static模式,毕竟动态的管理php-fpm进程会有消耗服务器资源,以及数量上的话,一般一个php-fpm据说是消耗20-30MB的内存(我自己也没考究过-_-!)。按照这样算,1G内存的机器,大概开30个差不多了,8G的话,我多的时候是配置到了300个最大进程数量。
原文地址:Ubuntu Server 10.10安装配置Nginx+php-fpm+mysql