非对称加密算法需要两个密钥：公开密钥（publickey）和私有密钥（privatekey）。公开密钥与私有密钥是一对，如果用公开密钥对数据进行加密，只有用对应的私有密钥才能解密；如果用私有密钥对数据进行加密，那么只有用对应的公开密钥才能解密。因为加密和解密使用的是两个不同的密钥，所以这种算法叫作非对称加密算法。 非对称加密算法实现机密信息交换的基本过程是：甲方生成一对密钥并将其中的一把作为公用密钥向其它方公开；得到该公用密钥的乙方使用该密钥对机密信息进行加密后再发送给甲方；甲方再用自己保存的另一把专用密钥对加密后的信息进行解密。
下面就看实现：
后台：
package com.jrj.wx.json.util;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.jrj.wx.json.bean.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
/**
* @author
* @date 2018.6.1
* 这个类主要是生成公钥和私钥，解密
*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RSAUtil {
private static String RSAKeyStore ;//存储公钥和私钥 这个地址是一定要加的
public static String getRSAKeyStore() {
return RSAKeyStore;
}
public static void setRSAKeyStore(String rSAKeyStore) {
RSAKeyStore = rSAKeyStore;
}
/**
* * 生成密钥对 *
*
* @return KeyPair *
* @throws EncryptException
*/
public static KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws Exception {
try {
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA",
new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
final int KEY_SIZE = 1024;// 没什么好说的了，这个值关系到块加密的大小，可以更改，但是不要太大，否则效率会低
keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
System.out.println("Private" + keyPair.getPrivate());
System.out.println("Public" + keyPair.getPublic());
saveKeyPair(keyPair);
return keyPair;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
}
}
public static KeyPair getKeyPair() throws Exception {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(RSAKeyStore);
ObjectInputStream oos = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
KeyPair kp = (KeyPair) oos.readObject();
oos.close();
fis.close();
return kp;
}
public static void saveKeyPair(KeyPair kp) throws Exception {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(RSAKeyStore);
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
// 生成密钥
oos.writeObject(kp);
oos.close();
fos.close();
}
/**
* * 生成公钥 *
*
* @param modulus
* *
* @param publicExponent
* *
* @return RSAPublicKey *
* @throws Exception
*/
public static RSAPublicKey generateRSAPublicKey(byte[] modulus, byte[] publicExponent) throws Exception {
KeyFactory keyFac = null;
try {
keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
}
RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger(modulus), new BigInteger(publicExponent));
try {
return (RSAPublicKey) keyFac.generatePublic(pubKeySpec);
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* * 生成私钥 *
*
* @param modulus
* *
* @param privateExponent
* *
* @return RSAPrivateKey *
* @throws Exception
*/
public static RSAPrivateKey generateRSAPrivateKey(byte[] modulus, byte[] privateExponent) throws Exception {
KeyFactory keyFac = null;
try {
keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
}
RSAPrivateKeySpec priKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger(modulus), new BigInteger(privateExponent));
try {
return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFac.generatePrivate(priKeySpec);
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* * 加密 *
*
* @param key
* 加密的密钥 *
* @param data
* 待加密的明文数据 *
* @return 加密后的数据 *
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] encrypt(PublicKey pk, byte[] data) throws Exception {
try {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pk);
int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();// 获得加密块大小，如：加密前数据为128个byte，而key_size=1024
// 加密块大小为127
// byte,加密后为128个byte;因此共有2个加密块，第一个127
// byte第二个为1个byte
int outputSize = cipher.getOutputSize(data.length);// 获得加密块加密后块大小
int leavedSize = data.length % blockSize;
int blocksSize = leavedSize != 0 ? data.length / blockSize + 1 : data.length / blockSize;
byte[] raw = new byte[outputSize * blocksSize];
int i = 0;
while (data.length - i * blockSize > 0) {
if (data.length - i * blockSize > blockSize)
cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, blockSize, raw, i * outputSize);
else
cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, data.length - i * blockSize, raw, i * outputSize);
i++;
}
return raw;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* * 解密 *
*
* @param key
* 解密的密钥 *
* @param raw
* 已经加密的数据 *
* @return 解密后的明文 *
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public static byte[] decrypt(PrivateKey pk, byte[] raw) throws Exception {
try {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA", new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
cipher.init(cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, pk);
int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(64);
int j = 0;
while (raw.length - j * blockSize > 0) {
bout.write(cipher.doFinal(raw, j * blockSize, blockSize));
j++;
}
return bout.toByteArray();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 这个方法是获得公钥的模数和指数
* @return
*/
public static Result getPublicKeyExponentAndModulus(){
PublicKey publicKey =null;
try {
publicKey = RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPublic();
} catch (Exception e) {
}
BigInteger modulus = ((RSAKey) publicKey).getModulus();
BigInteger exponent = ((RSAPublicKey) publicKey).getPublicExponent();
System.out.println(publicKey+"-----------------");
String str = new BigInteger(""+modulus, 10).toString(16);
String str1 = new BigInteger(""+exponent, 10).toString(16);
log.debug("--RSAUtil.getPublicKeyExponentAndModulus--exponent:{},modulus:{}",str,str1);
System.out.println("exponent:"+str1);
System.out.println("modulus:"+str);
Result re=new Result();
re.setExponent(str);
re.setModulus(str1);
return re;
}
/**
* 对前台加密的字符串进行解密
* code 加密的字符串
*/
public static String decryptPrivate(String code){
log.debug("解码之前--code：{}",code);
byte[] en_result =HexUtil.hexStringToBytes(code.trim());
System.out.println("转成byte[]" + new String(en_result));
byte[] de_result;
try {
de_result = decrypt(getKeyPair().getPrivate(),
en_result);
System.out.println("还原密文：");
System.out.println(new String(de_result));
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append(new String(de_result));
code = sb.reverse().toString();
System.out.println(code+"++++++");
code = URLDecoder.decode(code,"UTF-8");//
log.debug("解码之后--code：{}",code);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("解密失败-----");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return code;
}
/**
* * *
*
* @param args
* *
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// RSAUtil rSAUtil=new RSAUtil();
RSAUtil.generateKeyPair();
System.out.println(RSAUtil.RSAKeyStore);
System.out.println("---------------" + RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPublic());
System.out.println(
"---------------" + MyJsonConverter.objectToString(RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPublic().getClass()));
PublicKey private1 = RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPublic();
System.out.println("--:" + private1.getAlgorithm() + "---：" + private1.getEncoded());
BigInteger modulus = ((RSAKey) private1).getModulus();
BigInteger exponent = ((RSAPublicKey) private1).getPublicExponent();
System.out.println("modulus:"+modulus+"---exponent:"+exponent);
String str = new BigInteger(""+modulus, 10).toString(16);
System.out.println("modulus:"+str);
}
}
package com.jrj.wx.json.util;
/**
*
* @author 这是一个工具类
*
*/
public class HexUtil {
/**
* 字节流转成十六进制表示
*/
public static String encode(byte[] src) {
String strHex = "";
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("");
for (int n = 0; n < src.length; n++) {
strHex = Integer.toHexString(src[n] & 0xFF);
sb.append(strHex.length() == 1 ? "0" + strHex : strHex);
}
return sb.toString().trim();
}
/**
* 字符串转成字节流
*/
public static byte[] decode(String src) {
int m = 0;
int n = 0;
int byteLen = src.length() / 2;
byte[] ret = new byte[byteLen];
for (int i = 0; i < byteLen; i++) {
m = i * 2 + 1;
n = m + 1;
int intVal = Integer.decode("0x" + src.substring(i * 2, m) + src.substring(m, n)).intValue();
ret[i] = Byte.valueOf((byte) intVal).byteValue();
}
return ret;
}
/**
* 16进制 To byte[]<br>
*
* @param hexString
* @return byte[]
*/
public static byte[] hexStringToBytes(String hexString) {
if (hexString == null || hexString.equals("")) {
return null;
}
hexString = hexString.toUpperCase();
int length = hexString.length() / 2;
char[] hexChars = hexString.toCharArray();
byte[] d = new byte[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
int pos = i * 2;
d[i] = (byte) (charToByte(hexChars[pos]) << 4 | charToByte(hexChars[pos + 1]));
}
return d;
}
/**
* Convert char to byte
*
* @param c
* char
* @return byte
*/
private static byte charToByte(char c) {
return (byte) "0123456789ABCDEF".indexOf(c);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str1 = "abcedefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
String hexStr = encode(str1.getBytes());
System.out.println(hexStr);
String str2 = new String(decode(hexStr));
System.out.println(str2);
System.out.println(str1.equals(str2));
}
}
在把公钥的模数和指数时候会遇见的问题，用下面的来处理：
前台的代码：
需要自己下载加密js
下载地址：https://download.csdn.net/download/wojiao228925661/10452110
<script src="/includes/RSA/RSA.js"></script>
<script src="/includes/RSA/BigInt.js"></script>
<script src="/includes/RSA/Barrett.js"></script>
<script src="/includes/js/jquery-1.8.0.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var key;
function rsalogin() {
var thisPwd = document.getElementById("password").value;
bodyRSA();
var result = encryptedString(key, encodeURIComponent(encodeURIComponent(thisPwd)));//这里一定要编码两次
$.ajax({
url: "/test",
data: "pwd=" + result,
type: 'post',
success: function (msg) {
alert(msg);
}
});
}
function bodyRSA() {
setMaxDigits(130);
key = new RSAKeyPair(
"这个值是后台生成的公钥的指数，",
"",
"这个值是后台生成的公钥的模数，需要后台传过来");
}
</script>
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