ArcGIS Engine基础（26）之IFeatureIndex2和IIndexQuery2实现查找某个点位置或者范围最近的要素

查找最近点位置，可以使用IProximityOperator 

查找最近点位置可以使用IProximityOperator 

　IProximityOperator pProximity = (IProximityOperator)pGeometry;

  IPoint pNearestPoint = pProximity.ReturnNearestPoint(pInputPoint,esriSegmentExtension.esriNoExtension);

该接口只是针对两个图形之间做关系操作，不能满足查找最近要素的需求。

本文采用对要素类建立空间索引IFeatureIndex（数据量大，建立索引可能会慢一些，较适用于多次查询的情况），利用索引查询IIndexQuery2的NearestFeature查找最近要素

 public static IFeature SnapNearestFeature(IFeatureClass p_FeatureClass, IEnvelope pExtent, IGeometry p_Geometry)
        {

            int o_fid = 0;
            double o_distance = 0;

            IGeoDataset f_GeoDataset = null;
            IFeature f_Feature = null;

            ITrackCancel f_TrackCancel = null;
            IFeatureIndex2 f_FeatureIndex = null;
            IIndexQuery2 f_IndexQuery = null;

            f_GeoDataset = (IGeoDataset)(p_FeatureClass);

            f_FeatureIndex = new FeatureIndexClass();
            f_TrackCancel = new CancelTrackerClass();
            f_IndexQuery = (IIndexQuery2)(f_FeatureIndex);
            f_FeatureIndex.FeatureClass = p_FeatureClass;

            //建立空间过滤器，缩小索引查询范围（如果需要）
            ISpatialFilter mSpatialFilter = new SpatialFilterClass();;
            mSpatialFilter.Geometry = (IGeometry)(pExtent);
            mSpatialFilter.GeometryField = p_FeatureClass.ShapeFieldName;
            mSpatialFilter.set_OutputSpatialReference(p_FeatureClass.ShapeFieldName, f_GeoDataset.SpatialReference);
            mSpatialFilter.SpatialRel = ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase.esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects;
            try
            {
                
                f_FeatureIndex.FeatureCursor = p_FeatureClass.Search(mSpatialFilter, false);
            }
            catch (System.Exception mexp)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(mexp.Message);
            }

            p_Geometry.SpatialReference = f_GeoDataset.SpatialReference;
            //设置索引查询输出坐标系
            f_FeatureIndex.set_OutputSpatialReference(p_FeatureClass.ShapeFieldName, f_GeoDataset.SpatialReference);
            try
            {
                //建立索引
                f_FeatureIndex.Index(f_TrackCancel, pExtent);
                //查询最近要素
                f_IndexQuery.NearestFeature(p_Geometry, out o_fid, out o_distance);
                f_Feature = p_FeatureClass.GetFeature(o_fid);
            }
            catch (System.Exception mexp2)
            {
                f_Feature = null;
                System.Console.WriteLine(mexp2.Message);
            }


            return f_Feature;

        }