我们在android 和java开发中可能会遇到一个问题,就是判断用户输入的url或者从网页或其他地方复制来的url是否为一个有效的url,下面是一些方法,供大家参考:
在没有encode的情况下可以使用下面方法
- URI uriObj = new URI(url);
这个方法来进行判定,如果该方法抛出异常URISyntaxException,那么就说明这个url不是一个正确的url,不过当遇到一个url地址中包含字符串^的时候,也会抛出异常,可以这个含有^的链接却是一个有效的地址,比如百度中的某些地址,因此可以通过下面的代码进行改进:
- URL urlObj = new URL(url);
- URI uriObj = new URI(urlObj.getProtocol(), urlObj.getHost(), urlObj.getPath(), urlObj.getQuery(), null);
不过如果你想对一些schemes进行限制,可以加入以下代码:
- private static final String acceptableSchemes[] = {
- "http:",
- "https:",
- "file:"
- };
- private static boolean urlHasAcceptableScheme(String url) {
- if (url == null) {
- return false;
- }
- for (int i = 0; i < acceptableSchemes.length; i++) {
- if (url.startsWith(acceptableSchemes[i])) {
- return true;
- }
- }
- return false;
- }
- private String isValidUrl(String incommingString) throws Exception{
- String url = "";
- URL urlObj = new URL(incommingString);
- URI uriObj = new URI(urlObj.getProtocol(), urlObj.getHost(), urlObj.getPath(), urlObj.getQuery(), null);
- String scheme = uriObj.getScheme();
- if (!urlHasAcceptableScheme(incommingString)) {
- if (scheme != null) {
- throw new URISyntaxException("", "");
- }
- }
- //此处需要对url进行赋值操作,例如需要加http://等
- p; return url;
- }
对于android开发,还可以以这样处理:
- import android.util.Patterns;//android包下的
- if (Patterns.WEB_URL.matcher(searchContent).matches()) {
- //符合标准
- } else{
- //不符合标准
- }
接下来提供一个完整的封装类,不但提供了对url的校验,还对url的大部分信息进行了封装操作,代码如下:
- package 随便写;
- import static android.util.Patterns.GOOD_IRI_CHAR;
- import java.util.Locale;
- import java.util.regex.Matcher;
- import java.util.regex.Pattern;
- public class WebAddress {
- private String mScheme;
- private String mHost;
- private int mPort;
- private String mPath;
- private String mAuthInfo;
- static final int MATCH_GROUP_SCHEME = 1;
- static final int MATCH_GROUP_AUTHORITY = 2;
- static final int MATCH_GROUP_HOST = 3;
- static final int MATCH_GROUP_PORT = 4;
- static final int MATCH_GROUP_PATH = 5;
- /* ENRICO: imported the ParseExeption here */
- public static class ParseException extends RuntimeException {
- public String response;
- ParseException(String response) {
- this.response = response;
- }
- }
- //根据正则表达式进行判断
- static Pattern sAddressPattern = Pattern.compile(
- /* scheme */ "(?:(http|https|file)\\:\\/\\/)?" +
- /* authority */ "(?:([-A-Za-z0-9$_.+!*'(),;?&=]+(?:\\:[-A-Za-z0-9$_.+!*'(),;?&=]+)?)@)?" +
- /* host */ "([" + GOOD_IRI_CHAR + "%_-][" + GOOD_IRI_CHAR + "%_\\.-]*|\\[[0-9a-fA-F:\\.]+\\])?" +
- /* port */ "(?:\\:([0-9]*))?" +
- /* path */ "(\\/?[^#]*)?" +
- /* anchor */ ".*", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
- /** parses given uriString. */
- //用法:将需要判断的url传入,new WebAddress(address) 如果抛出异常,则会出现问题
- public WebAddress(String address) throws ParseException {
- if (address == null) {
- throw new NullPointerException();
- }
- // android.util.Log.d(LOGTAG, "WebAddress: " + address);
- mScheme = "";
- mHost = "";
- mPort = -1;
- mPath = "/";
- mAuthInfo = "";
- Matcher m = sAddressPattern.matcher(address);
- String t;
- if (m.matches()) {
- t = m.group(MATCH_GROUP_SCHEME);
- if (t != null) mScheme = t.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault());
- t = m.group(MATCH_GROUP_AUTHORITY);
- if (t != null) mAuthInfo = t;
- t = m.group(MATCH_GROUP_HOST);
- if (t != null) mHost = t;
- t = m.group(MATCH_GROUP_PORT);
- if (t != null && t.length() > 0) {
- // The ':' character is not returned by the regex.
- try {
- mPort = Integer.parseInt(t);
- } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
- throw new ParseException("Bad port");
- }
- }
- t = m.group(MATCH_GROUP_PATH);
- if (t != null && t.length() > 0) {
- /* handle busted myspace frontpage redirect with
- missing initial "/" */
- if (t.charAt(0) == '/') {
- mPath = t;
- } else {
- mPath = "/" + t;
- }
- }
- } else {
- // nothing found... outa here
- throw new ParseException("Bad address");
- }
- /* Get port from scheme or scheme from port, if necessary and
- possible */
- if (mPort == 443 && mScheme.equals("")) {
- mScheme = "https";
- } else if (mPort == -1) {
- if (mScheme.equals("https"))
- mPort = 443;
- else
- mPort = 80; // default
- }
- if (mScheme.equals("")) mScheme = "http";
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- String port = "";
- if ((mPort != 443 && mScheme.equals("https")) ||
- (mPort != 80 && mScheme.equals("http"))) {
- port = ":" + Integer.toString(mPort);
- }
- String authInfo = "";
- if (mAuthInfo.length() > 0) {
- authInfo = mAuthInfo + "@";
- }
- return mScheme + "://" + authInfo + mHost + port + mPath;
- }
- public void setScheme(String scheme) {
- mScheme = scheme;
- }
- public String getScheme() {
- return mScheme;
- }
- public void setHost(String host) {
- mHost = host;
- }
- public String getHost() {
- return mHost;
- }
- public void setPort(int port) {
- mPort = port;
- }
- public int getPort() {
- return mPort;
- }
- public void setPath(String path) {
- mPath = path;
- }
- public String getPath() {
- return mPath;
- }
- public void setAuthInfo(String authInfo) {
- mAuthInfo = authInfo;
- }
- public String getAuthInfo() {
- return mAuthInfo;
- }
- }