WPF3种不同绘图方式性能比对

---

前言

WPF;绘图;GDI+;WritableBitmap;DrawingVisual;Cancas

---

WPF新手，需要用WPF绘图，考虑到性能，到网上搜了一些文章，发现有3种绘图方式，比对了一下性能，记录在此。

1.WPF

代码如下（示例）：

void Draw()
{
    Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
    stopwatch.Start();
    width = (int)root.ActualWidth;
    height = (int)root.ActualHeight;
    Random rand = new Random();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
    {
        int x1 = rand.Next(width);
        int x2 = rand.Next(width);
        int y1 = rand.Next(height);
        int y2 = rand.Next(height);
        root.Children.Add(new Line()
        {
            X1 = x1,
            Y1 = y1,
            X2 = x2,
            Y2 = y2,
            Stroke = Brushes.Red,
            StrokeThickness = 1,
        });
    }
    stopwatch.Stop();
    label.Content = stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms";
}

2.WritableBitmap & GDI+

private void Draw()
{
    Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
    stopwatch.Start();
    width = (int)OutCanvas.ActualWidth;
    height = (int)OutCanvas.ActualHeight;
    if (width > 0 && height > 0)
    {
        DisplayImage.Width = width;
        DisplayImage.Height = height;

        wBitmap = new WriteableBitmap(width, height, 72, 72, PixelFormats.Bgr24, null);
        DisplayImage.Source = wBitmap;
    }
    wBitmap.Lock();

    Bitmap backBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height, wBitmap.BackBufferStride, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb, wBitmap.BackBuffer);

    Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(backBitmap);
    graphics.Clear(System.Drawing.Color.White);
    Random rand = new Random();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
    {
        int x1 = rand.Next(width);
        int x2 = rand.Next(width);
        int y1 = rand.Next(height);
        int y2 = rand.Next(height);
        graphics.DrawLine(Pens.Red, x1, y1, x2, y2);
    }

    graphics.Flush();
    graphics.Dispose();
    graphics = null;

    backBitmap.Dispose();
    backBitmap = null;

    wBitmap.AddDirtyRect(new Int32Rect(0, 0, width, height));
    wBitmap.Unlock();
    stopwatch.Stop();
    label.Content = stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms";
}

2.WritableBitmap & GDI+

private void Draw()
{
    Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
    stopwatch.Start();
    this.AddVisualChild(_drawingVisual);
    width = (int)ActualWidth;
    height = (int)ActualHeight;
    var dc = _drawingVisual.RenderOpen();
    PathFigure pthFigure = new PathFigure();
    pthFigure.IsClosed = false;
    pthFigure.IsFilled = false; 
    pthFigure.StartPoint = new Point(10, 100);
    PolyLineSegment plineSeg = new PolyLineSegment();
    Random rand = new Random();
    Pen pen = new Pen(Brushes.White, 1);
    pen.Freeze();
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
    {
        int x1 = rand.Next(width);
        int x2 = rand.Next(width);
        int y1 = rand.Next(height);
        int y2 = rand.Next(height);
        dc.DrawLine(pen, new Point(x1, y1), new Point(x2, y2));
    }
    dc.Close();
    stopwatch.Stop();
    label.Content = stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms";
}
//必须重载这两个方法，不然是画不出来的
// 重载自己的VisualTree的孩子的个数，由于只有一个DrawingVisual，返回1
protected override int VisualChildrenCount
{
    get { return 1; }
}

private void Grid_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    Draw();
}

// 重载当WPF框架向自己要孩子的时候，返回返回DrawingVisual
protected override Visual GetVisualChild(int index)
{
    if (index == 0)
        return _drawingVisual;

    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
}

---

总结

• 代码中的StopWatch计时结果：
  

• 界面渲染速度：2远大于1大于3

• 界面流畅程度：2非常流畅，1和3在进行窗口操作（移动、最大化、最小化）时卡顿

• 综合比对，使用WritableBitmap & GDI+绘图渲染流畅度最好

参考

https://blog.csdn.net/lweiyue/article/details/89879028
https://blog.csdn.net/wcc27857285/article/details/52584166