NSDictionary NSMutableDictionary

#pragma mark 字典的初始化

void dictCreate() {

    // NSDictionary是不可变的

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"v" forKey:@"k"];

    

    // 最常用的初始化方式

    dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

            @"v1", @"k1",

            @"v2", @"k2",

            @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    

    NSArray *objects = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"v1", @"v2", @"v3", nil];

    NSArray *keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"k1", @"k2", @"k3", nil];

    dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:objects forKeys:keys];

    NSLog(@"%@", dict);

}

#pragma mark 字典的基本用法

void dictUse() {

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

            @"v1", @"k1",

            @"v2", @"k2",

            @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    

    // count是计算有多少个键值对(key-value)

    NSLog(@"count=%zi", dict.count);

    

    // 由于NSDictionary是不可变的，所以只能取值，而不能修改值

    id obj = [dict objectForKey:@"k2"];

    NSLog(@"obj=%@", obj);

    

    // 将字典写入文件中

    NSString *path = @"/Users/apple/Desktop/dict.xml";

    [dict writeToFile:path atomically:YES];

    

    // 从文件中读取内容

    dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:path];

    NSLog(@"dict=%@", dict);

}

#pragma mark 字典的用法

void dictUse2() {

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

                          @"v1", @"k1",

                          @"v2", @"k2",

                          @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    // 返回所有的key

    NSArray *keys = [dict allKeys];

    //NSLog(@"keys=%@", keys);

    

    NSArray *objects = [dict allValues];

    //NSLog(@"objects=%@", objects);

    

    // 根据多个key取出对应的多个value

    // 当key找不到对应的value时，用marker参数值代替

    objects = [dict objectsForKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"k1", @"k2", @"k4", nil] notFoundMarker:@"not-found"];

    NSLog(@"objects=%@", objects);

}

#pragma mark 遍历字典

void dictFor() {

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

                          @"v1", @"k1",

                          @"v2", @"k2",

                          @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    // 遍历字典的所有key

    for (id key in dict) {

        id value = [dict objectForKey:key];

        NSLog(@"%@=%@", key, value);

    }

}

#pragma mark 遍历字典2

void dictFor2() {

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

                          @"v1", @"k1",

                          @"v2", @"k2",

                          @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    // key迭代器

    NSEnumerator *enumer = [dict keyEnumerator];

    id key = nil;

    while ( key = [enumer nextObject]) {

        id value = [dict objectForKey:key];

        NSLog(@"%@=%@", key, value);

    }

    

    // 对象迭代器

    // [dict objectEnumerator];

}

#pragma mark 遍历字典3

void dictFor3() {

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

                          @"v1", @"k1",

                          @"v2", @"k2",

                          @"v3", @"k3", nil];

    [dict enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:

     ^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {

        NSLog(@"%@=%@", key, obj);

    }];

}

#pragma mark 

void dictMemory() {

    Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithName:@"stu1"];

    Student *stu2 = [Student studentWithName:@"stu2"];

    Student *stu3 = [Student studentWithName:@"stu3"];

    

    // 一个对象称为字典的key或者value时，会做一次retain操作，也就是计数器会+1

    NSDictionary *dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

                          stu1, @"k1",

                          stu2, @"k2",

                          stu3, @"k3", nil];

    

    // 当字典被销毁时，里面的所有key和value都会做一次release操作，也就是计数器会-1

}

#pragma mark 可变字典的使用

void dictUse() {

    // 创建一个空的字典

    NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

    Student *stu1 = [Student studentWithName:@"stu1"];

    Student *stu2= [Student studentWithName:@"stu2"];

    

    // 添加元素

    // stu1的计数器会+1

    [dict setObject:stu1 forKey:@"k1"];

    NSLog(@"stu1:%zi", [stu1 retainCount]);

    

    // 添加其他字典other到当前字典dict中

    NSDictionary *other = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"v2" forKey:@"k2"];

    [dict addEntriesFromDictionary:other];

    

    // 删除所有的键值对

    // [dict removeAllObjects];

    

    // 删除k1对应的元素stu1，stu1会做一次release操作

    [dict removeObjectForKey:@"k1"];

    NSLog(@"stu1:%zi", [stu1 retainCount]);

    

    // 删除多个key对应的value

    // [dict removeObjectsForKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObject:@"k1"]];

    

    // 字典被销毁时，内部的所有key和value计数器都会-1，也就是说stu1会release一次

}