docker 常用命令

查看状态 

$ service docker status
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-05-29 06:28:36 UTC; 23h ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 22425 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 13
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           └─22425 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock

May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.096004914Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.096054961Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.096068292Z" level=warning msg="Your kernel does
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.096297293Z" level=info msg="Loading containers:
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.255549718Z" level=info msg="Default bridge (doc
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.394778299Z" level=info msg="Loading containers:
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.449962198Z" level=info msg="Docker daemon" comm
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.450103533Z" level=info msg="Daemon has complete
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 dockerd[22425]: time="2020-05-29T06:28:36.477322125Z" level=info msg="API listen on /var/
May 29 06:28:36 ip-172-31-0-144 systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
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查看概要

$ docker info

Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 19.03.10
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc version: dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  apparmor
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.15.0-1043-aws
 Operating System: Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 3.806GiB
 Name: ip-172-31-0-144
 ID: KJXS:PACL:2HXV:OC5G:ASO7:QK5T:HHZ7:WJXA:VPD7:WCFN:CDRZ:HPLJ
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

WARNING: No swap limit support

镜像列表

$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx/unit          latest              c3609c1acd08        11 days ago         236MB
hello-world         latest              fce289e99eb9        12 months ago       1.84kB

创建容器 

// 使用host网络模式 https://docs.docker.com/network/host/
// The -d flag means to start the container detached (in the background).

$ docker run -d --network host --mount type=bind,source="$(pwd)",target=/_projects nginx/unit
5d579574130076b6dc72832b5ffeff6c47a3909a0573e734bca33e6249cc67a9
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
5d5795741300        nginx/unit          "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   40 seconds ago      Up 39 seconds                           keen_goldwasser

创建容器时完成文件路径和网络端口映射：

1. 将本地路径 /Users/worldzhy/src 映射到容器中 /home/worldzhy/src 这个位置；

2. 将容器中将本地的 3001 端口映射到容器中的 3000 端口；

3. node 为镜像的名字。

$ docker run -it -v /Users/worldzhy/src:/home/worldzhy/src -p 3001:3000 node

停止容器 

$ docker stop a9a27b0b8ebf
a9a27b0b8ebf

重启容器 

$ docker restart 26ee27816e24
26ee27816e24

容器列表 

$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
907eaccbb75c        nginx/unit          "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   2 minutes ago       Exited (0) 8 seconds ago                       quizzical_williamson
42f8d0c94ba4        nginx/unit          "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   3 minutes ago       Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                       peaceful_hamilton

删除容器 

$ docker rm 907eaccbb75c
907eaccbb75c

// 删除所有停止的容器
$ docker rm $(docker ps -aq)

进入容器 退出容器

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
26ee27816e24        c3609c1acd08        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   10 minutes ago      Up 8 minutes                            heuristic_faraday
$ sudo docker exec -it 26ee27816e24 /bin/bash
root@26ee27816e24:/# 
root@26ee27816e24:/# exit
exit
$ sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
26ee27816e24        c3609c1acd08        "/usr/local/bin/dock…"   12 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           heuristic_faraday

查看容器详情（数据很多）

$ docker inspect 26ee27816e24

创建镜像

$ docker commit [container ID / container name]

创建镜像标签

// worldzhy 是 DockerHub 账号，node 是镜像名字，v1.1 是镜像标签。
$ docker tag [image ID] worldzhy/node:v1.1