ansible

ansible

Usage: ansible <host-pattern> [options]

Options:
  -a MODULE_ARGS, --args=MODULE_ARGS
                        module arguments
  --ask-vault-pass      ask for vault password
  -B SECONDS, --background=SECONDS
                        run asynchronously, failing after X seconds
                        (default=N/A)
  -C, --check           don't make any changes; instead, try to predict some
                        of the changes that may occur
  -D, --diff            when changing (small) files and templates, show the
                        differences in those files; works great with --check
  -e EXTRA_VARS, --extra-vars=EXTRA_VARS
                        set additional variables as key=value or YAML/JSON
  -f FORKS, --forks=FORKS
                        specify number of parallel processes to use
                        (default=5)
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -i INVENTORY, --inventory-file=INVENTORY
                        specify inventory host path
                        (default=/etc/ansible/hosts) or comma separated host
                        list.
  -l SUBSET, --limit=SUBSET
                        further limit selected hosts to an additional pattern
  --list-hosts          outputs a list of matching hosts; does not execute
                        anything else
  -m MODULE_NAME, --module-name=MODULE_NAME
                        module name to execute (default=command)
  -M MODULE_PATH, --module-path=MODULE_PATH
                        specify path(s) to module library (default=None)
  --new-vault-password-file=NEW_VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
                        new vault password file for rekey
  -o, --one-line        condense output
  --output=OUTPUT_FILE  output file name for encrypt or decrypt; use - for
                        stdout
  -P POLL_INTERVAL, --poll=POLL_INTERVAL
                        set the poll interval if using -B (default=15)
  --syntax-check        perform a syntax check on the playbook, but do not
                        execute it
  -t TREE, --tree=TREE  log output to this directory
  --vault-password-file=VAULT_PASSWORD_FILE
                        vault password file
  -v, --verbose         verbose mode (-vvv for more, -vvvv to enable
                        connection debugging)
  --version             show program's version number and exit

  Connection Options:
    control as whom and how to connect to hosts

    -k, --ask-pass      ask for connection password
    --private-key=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE, --key-file=PRIVATE_KEY_FILE
                        use this file to authenticate the connection
    -u REMOTE_USER, --user=REMOTE_USER
                        connect as this user (default=None)
    -c CONNECTION, --connection=CONNECTION
                        connection type to use (default=smart)
    -T TIMEOUT, --timeout=TIMEOUT
                        override the connection timeout in seconds
                        (default=10)
    --ssh-common-args=SSH_COMMON_ARGS
                        specify common arguments to pass to sftp/scp/ssh (e.g.
                        ProxyCommand)
    --sftp-extra-args=SFTP_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to sftp only (e.g. -f,
                        -l)
    --scp-extra-args=SCP_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to scp only (e.g. -l)
    --ssh-extra-args=SSH_EXTRA_ARGS
                        specify extra arguments to pass to ssh only (e.g. -R)

  Privilege Escalation Options:
    control how and which user you become as on target hosts

    -s, --sudo          run operations with sudo (nopasswd) (deprecated, use
                        become)
    -U SUDO_USER, --sudo-user=SUDO_USER
                        desired sudo user (default=root) (deprecated, use
                        become)
    -S, --su            run operations with su (deprecated, use become)
    -R SU_USER, --su-user=SU_USER
                        run operations with su as this user (default=root)
                        (deprecated, use become)
    -b, --become        run operations with become (does not imply password
                        prompting)
    --become-method=BECOME_METHOD
                        privilege escalation method to use (default=sudo),
                        valid choices: [ sudo | su | pbrun | pfexec | doas |
                        dzdo | ksu ]
    --become-user=BECOME_USER
                        run operations as this user (default=root)
    --ask-sudo-pass     ask for sudo password (deprecated, use become)
    --ask-su-pass       ask for su password (deprecated, use become)
    -K, --ask-become-pass
                        ask for privilege escalation password

配置文件:/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg

主机清单 /etc/ansible/hosts

比如最简单的命令

ansible web -m ping #web指的是在hosts文件中定义的主机组,-m指的是加载组 ping是指模块名称

模块介绍

使用ansible-doc获取帮助

比如

bash
ansbile-doc -s ping #ping指的是自己想要了解的模块名称


command模块

在远程主机上运行命令,但是不能运行管道之类的命令

比如

bash
ansible web -m command -a 'echo 1234' #web指的是自己定义的主机名称,-a指的是参数 arguments


shell模块

在远程主机上运行shell 可以运行管道等功能

ansible web -m shell -a 'echo lala |passwd --stdin root' #改密码

copy模块

ansible web -m copy -a "src=/etc/fstab dest=/root/" #使用src和dest来指定源和目的地
ansible web -m copy -a "content='hello world' mode=600 dest=/root/hello" #使用content直接来生成内容 mode来指定权限

cron模块

运行周期性命令

ansible web -m cron -a "minute=*/5 job='/sbin/ntpdate 172.18.0.1 &> /dev/null' name=synctime"  #同步时间
ansible web -m cron -a 'state=absent name=synctime' #删除cron列表的 state有2种 一种是absent '缺席' 就是删除这个周期任务的意思 还有一个状态是'present' 表示创建一个周期任务 默认就是创建

fetch模块

从远程主机拉去文件的

file模块

Sets attributes of files

创建链接文件:  path=   src=  state=link
修改属性: path= owner= mode= group=
创建目录:path= state=directory

hostname模块