背景
先展示一种最低级的校验方法,就是一个参数一个if,如果刚参加工作还可以理解,如果你说干了几年了,还是这种,难免受到旁人的鄙视,
实践
依赖
springboot里已经为我们提供了校验参数的方法,新建一个springboot项目自带这个功能
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
相关子依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
实体类
对参数的字段进行注解标注
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
import lombok.Data;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length;
import javax.validation.constraints.*;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @author LiJing
* @ClassName: UserDTO
* @Description: 用户传输对象
* @date 2019/7/30 13:55
*/
@Data
public class UserDTO implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/*** 用户ID*/
@NotNull(message = "用户id不能为空")
private Long userId;
/** 用户名*/
@NotBlank(message = "用户名不能为空")
@Length(max = 20, message = "用户名不能超过20个字符")
@Pattern(regexp = "^[\\u4E00-\\u9FA5A-Za-z0-9\\*]*$", message = "用户昵称限制:最多20字符,包含文字、字母和数字")
private String username;
/** 手机号*/
@NotBlank(message = "手机号不能为空")
@Pattern(regexp = "^[1][3,4,5,6,7,8,9][0-9]{9}$", message = "手机号格式有误")
private String mobile;
/**性别*/
private String sex;
/** 邮箱*/
@NotBlank(message = "联系邮箱不能为空")
@Email(message = "邮箱格式不对")
private String email;
/** 密码*/
private String password;
/*** 创建时间 */
@Future(message = "时间必须是将来时间")
private Date createTime;
}
Controller 层
在控制器层使用@Validated 声明要检查的参数
/**
* 走参数校验注解
*
* @param userDTO
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("/save/valid")
public RspDTO save(@RequestBody @Validated UserDTO userDTO) {
userService.save(userDTO);
return RspDTO.success();
}
jdk内置参数校验
hibernate参参数校验
特别容易搞混的注解
- 1.@NotNull:不能为null,但可以为empty(""," “,” ")
- 2.@NotEmpty:不能为null,而且长度必须大于0 (" “,” ")
- 3.@NotBlank:只能作用在String上,不能为null,而且调用trim()后,长度必须大于0(“test”) 即:必须有实际字符
在全局校验中增加校验异常
- MethodArgumentNotValidException是springBoot中进行绑定参数校验时的异常,需要在springBoot中处理,其他需要处理ConstraintViolationException异常进行处理.
- 为了优雅一点,我们将参数异常,业务异常,统一做了一个全局异常,将控制层的异常包装到我们自定义的异常中
- 为了优雅一点,我们还做了一个统一的结构体,将请求的code,和msg,data一起统一封装到结构体中,增加了代码的复用性
package com.mgt.exception.handler;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import com.mgt.exception.BadRequestException;
import com.mgt.exception.EntityExistException;
import com.mgt.exception.EntityNotFoundException;
import com.mgt.utils.ThrowableUtil;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import java.util.Objects;
import static org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.*;
/**
* @author whm
* @date 2018-11-23
*/
@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
/**
* 处理所有不可知的异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(Throwable.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> handleException(Throwable e){
// 打印堆栈信息
log.error(ThrowableUtil.getStackTrace(e));
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(e.getMessage()));
}
/**
* BadCredentialsException
*/
@ExceptionHandler(BadCredentialsException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> badCredentialsException(BadCredentialsException e){
// 打印堆栈信息
String message = "坏的凭证".equals(e.getMessage()) ? "用户名或密码不正确" : e.getMessage();
log.error(message);
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(message));
}
/**
* 处理自定义异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = BadRequestException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> badRequestException(BadRequestException e) {
// 打印堆栈信息
log.error(ThrowableUtil.getStackTrace(e));
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(e.getStatus(),e.getMessage()));
}
/**
* 处理 EntityExist
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = EntityExistException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> entityExistException(EntityExistException e) {
// 打印堆栈信息
log.error(ThrowableUtil.getStackTrace(e));
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(e.getMessage()));
}
/**
* 处理 EntityNotFound
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = EntityNotFoundException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> entityNotFoundException(EntityNotFoundException e) {
// 打印堆栈信息
log.error(ThrowableUtil.getStackTrace(e));
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(NOT_FOUND.value(),e.getMessage()));
}
/**
* 处理所有接口数据验证异常
*/
@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ApiError> handleMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e){
// 打印堆栈信息
log.error(ThrowableUtil.getStackTrace(e));
String[] str = Objects.requireNonNull(e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors().get(0).getCodes())[1].split("\\.");
String message = e.getBindingResult().getAllErrors().get(0).getDefaultMessage();
String msg = "不能为空";
if(msg.equals(message)){
message = str[1] + ":" + message;
}
return buildResponseEntity(ApiError.error(message));
}
/**
* 统一返回
*/
private ResponseEntity<ApiError> buildResponseEntity(ApiError apiError) {
return new ResponseEntity<>(apiError, HttpStatus.valueOf(apiError.getStatus()));
}
}