Spring IOC容器初始过程

组件

Resource

spring中对资源文件的描述

public interface Resource extends InputStreamSource {
	// 获得资源文件流
	InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException;
	// 资源文件是否存在
	boolean exists();
	// 获得资源的url
	URL getURL() throws IOException;
	// 获得资源长度
	long contentLength() throws IOException;
	// 获得资源名
	String getFilename();
}	

ResourceLoader

资源加载器,ApplicationContext实现类都实现ResourceLoader接口,通过getResource获得资源

public interface ResourceLoader {
	// classpath的url前缀classpath:
	String CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX = ResourceUtils.CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX;
	// 通过文件位置获得资源
	Resource getResource(String location);
}

BeanDefinitionRegistry

存放bean名称与BeanDefinition的映射,后续BeanFactory通过使用它来获得Bean

public interface BeanDefinitionRegistry extends AliasRegistry {
	private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(64);
}

AbstractBeanDefinition

表示xml中<bean>中数据

public abstract class AbstractBeanDefinition extends BeanMetadataAttributeAccessor
		implements BeanDefinition, Cloneable {
	// bean中class
	private volatile Object beanClass;
	// scope
	private String scope = SCOPE_DEFAULT;
	// 懒加载
	private Boolean lazyInit;
	// 类中属性值
	private MutablePropertyValues propertyValues;
	// 加载该bean的资源文件
	private Resource resource;
}

DefaultListableBeanFactory

public class DefaultListableBeanFactory extends AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory
		implements ConfigurableListableBeanFactory, BeanDefinitionRegistry, Serializable {
	// 忽略的依赖接口 beans标签使用default-autowire
	private final Set<Class<?>> ignoredDependencyInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
	// 忽略依赖类型
	private final Set<Class<?>> ignoredDependencyTypes = new HashSet<>();

	// 支持自动注入的关系映射
	private final Map<Class<?>, Object> resolvableDependencies = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);

	// bean定义集合
	private final Map<String, BeanDefinition> beanDefinitionMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
	// 通过类型查找的所有bean名称
	private final Map<Class<?>, String[]> allBeanNamesByType = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(64);
	// 单例bean缓存
	private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
	// 类型转换服务
	private ConversionService conversionService;
	// xml中定义的beanNames
	private volatile List<String> beanDefinitionNames = new ArrayList<>(256);

}

AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext

//public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader implements ConfigurableApplicationContext 
public abstract class AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext extends AbstractApplicationContext {
	// 启动销毁IOC容器的同步器
	private final Object startupShutdownMonitor = new Object();
	// IOC容器允许Bean覆盖
	private Boolean allowBeanDefinitionOverriding;
	// IOC容器允许循环引用
	private Boolean allowCircularReferences

	// IOC容器活动标志
	private final AtomicBoolean active = new AtomicBoolean();
	// IOC容器关闭标志
	private final AtomicBoolean closed = new AtomicBoolean();
	// 启动日期
	private long startupDate;

	// IOC容器环境
	private ConfigurableEnvironment environment;
	// 持有的bean工厂
	private volatile DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory;
	// bean工厂处理器
	private final List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
	// 解析消息的策略接口,用于支持国际化资源
	private MessageSource messageSource;
	// 事件广播器
	private ApplicationEventMulticaster applicationEventMulticaster;
	
}

源码分析

基于ClassPathXmlApplicationContext分析

  1. IOC容器设置其启动日期和活动标志,以及执行属性源的任何初始化。
protected void prepareRefresh() {
	// 设置启动日期、活动关闭标志
	this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
	this.closed.set(false);
	this.active.set(true);	

	// 子类实现,初始属性资源
	initPropertySources();

	// 验证被标记为必须的属性是否存在
	getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();

	// 存储预刷新应用程序侦听器
	if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {
		this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
	}
	else {
		// 将IOC容器的侦听器重置为刷新前状态
		this.applicationListeners.clear();
		this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
	}

	// 允许早期应用程序事件的集合
	this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
}
  1. 创建beanFactory,同时加载配置文件中的beanDefinition
  • 如果容器已存在bean工厂则销毁并关闭,然后重新创建
  • 创建DefaultListableBeanFactory工厂,添加默认忽略接口BeanNameAware.class、BeanFactoryAware.class和BeanClassLoaderAware.class
  • 为工厂增加是否允许覆盖和重复引用
  • 根据配置文件初始化beanFactory
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
	// 告诉子类刷新内部bean工厂
	refreshBeanFactory();
	return getBeanFactory();
}
// 调用AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext中的refreshBeanFactory
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
	// 如果容器已存在bean工厂则销毁并关闭
	if (hasBeanFactory()) {
		destroyBeans();
		closeBeanFactory();
	}
	try {
		// 传入父工厂创建 DefaultListableBeanFactory
		DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
		// 为工厂设置Id
		beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
		// 为工厂增加是否允许覆盖和重复引用
		customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
		// 根据配置文件加载beanFactory
		loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
		this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
	}
	catch (IOException ex) {
		throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
	}
}
  1. loadBeanDefinitions,创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader来读取xml配置beanFactory,两种读取,parseDefaultElement(读取默认import alias bean beans),parseCustomElement命名空间解析
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
	// 创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader来读取配置
	XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);

	// 配置资源加载环境
	beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
	beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
	beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));

	// 空方法,允许子类提供读取器的自定义初始化
	initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
	// 读取配置初始beanFactory
	loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
// AbstractXmlApplicationContext,遍历configuration加载资源文件
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
	Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
	if (configResources != null) {
		reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
	}
	String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
	if (configLocations != null) {
		reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
	}
}
  1. 通过location获得资源文件
public Resource[] getResources(String locationPattern) throws IOException {	
	// 如果以 classpath*: 开头
	if (locationPattern.startsWith(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX)) {
		// 路径是否有?和*
		if (getPathMatcher().isPattern(locationPattern.substring(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX.length()))) {
			// a class path resource pattern
			return findPathMatchingResources(locationPattern);
		}
		else {
			// 在所有classpath路径下查找所有(包括jar中路径)
			return findAllClassPathResources(locationPattern.substring(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX.length()));
		}
	}
	else {
		// war包寻找*/,非war包寻找:位置
		int prefixEnd = (locationPattern.startsWith("war:") ? locationPattern.indexOf("*/") + 1 :
				locationPattern.indexOf(':') + 1);
		if (getPathMatcher().isPattern(locationPattern.substring(prefixEnd))) {			
			return findPathMatchingResources(locationPattern);
		}
		else {
			// 在classpath中找到一个资源文件
			return new Resource[] {getResourceLoader().getResource(locationPattern)};
		}
	}
}
  1. 准备BeanFactory以供在此上下文中使用
  • 类加载、el解析
  • 配置BeanPostProcessor完成Aware接口注入,如ApplicationContextAware、EnvironmentAware、ApplicationEventPublisherAware
  • 注册可解析依赖关系,使BeanFactory、ApplicationContext不在beans中也支持自动注入
  • 往容器中添加environment(总) systemProperties(系统属性,user.dir等) systemEnvironment(系统环境,如PATH等)三个对象
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
	// 设置beanFactory使用的类加载器
	beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
	// 为bean定义值中的表达式指定解析策略。默认spring el解析
	beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
	// 添加一个PropertyEditorRegistrar以应用于所有bean创建过程
	beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

	// 使用上下文回调配置bean工厂,完成实现Aware接口类的注入工作
	beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
	// beanFactory忽略依赖接口,作用方式:在beans标签使用default-autowire属性来注入依赖
	// ignoreDependencyType:自动装配时忽略指定接口或类的依赖注入
	// ignoreDependencyInterface:忽略该接口的实现类中和接口setter方法入参类型相同的依赖
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
	beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

	// 注册可解析依赖关系,使BeanFactory、ApplicationContext支持自动注入
	beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
	beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
	beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
	beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

	// Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
	beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

	// 如果存在loadTimeWeaver则添加对应LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor,准备织入
	if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
		// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
	}

	// 往容器中添加environment(总) systemProperties(系统属性,user.dir等) systemEnvironment(系统环境,如PATH等)三个对象
	if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
		beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
	}
	if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
		beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
	}
	if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
		beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
	}
}
  1. 空方法,子类扩展使用,在BeanFactory准备工作完成后做一些定制化的处理
// 结合BeanPostProcessor注入一些资源
protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
}
  1. 调用被注册在IOC容器中的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的处理方法
protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
	// 调用已经注册的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,依次调用IOC容器中实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered和普通的处理器
	// 调用已经注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,依次调用IOC容器中实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered和普通的处理器
	PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

	// 如果工厂存在loadTimeWeaver,则添加LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor
	if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
	}
}
  1. 实例化并注册所有BeanPostProcessor类
protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
	PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this);
}
public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {
	// 从IOC容器从获得所有BeanPostProcessor类型的Bean名称
	String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);

	// 统计BeanProcessor数量,创建BeanPostProcessorChecker来打印日志
	int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
	beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));

	// 遍历postProcessorNames,区分实现PriorityOrdered、Ordered接口和普通的处理器
	List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
	List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
	List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
	List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
	for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
		if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
			BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
			priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
			if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
				internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
			}
		}
		else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
			orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
		}
		else {
			nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
		}
	}

	// 注册实现PriorityOrdered接口的BeanPostProcessor
	sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);

	// 注册实现Ordered接口的BeanPostProcessor.
	List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
	for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
		BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
		orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
		if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
			internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
		}
	}
	sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);

	// 注册普通的BeanPostProcessor.
	List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
	for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
		BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
		nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
		if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
			internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
		}
	}
	registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);

	// 重新注册所有内部BeanPostProcessors,移动到列表尾部(先remove再add)
	sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
	registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);

	// 重新注册ApplicationListenerDetector,移动到列表尾部(先remove再add)
	beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
}
  1. 初始化MessageResource(用于解析消息的策略接口,支持此类消息的参数化和国际化。)
protected void initMessageSource() {
	ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
	// 如果Bean工厂已存在messageSource类
	if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME)) {
		this.messageSource = beanFactory.getBean(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, MessageSource.class);
		// 设置父MessageSource
		if (this.parent != null && this.messageSource instanceof HierarchicalMessageSource) {
			HierarchicalMessageSource hms = (HierarchicalMessageSource) this.messageSource;
			if (hms.getParentMessageSource() == null) {
				// Only set parent context as parent MessageSource if no parent MessageSource
				// registered already.
				hms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource());
			}
		}
	}
	else {
		// 使用空的MessageSource
		DelegatingMessageSource dms = new DelegatingMessageSource();
		dms.setParentMessageSource(getInternalParentMessageSource());
		this.messageSource = dms;
		// MessageResource注册为单例
		beanFactory.registerSingleton(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, this.messageSource);
	}
}
  1. 初始化ApplicationEventMulticaster。如果上下文中没有定义,则使用SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
  • 事件广播器,存放IOC容器中的监听,当事件被发布multicastEvent广播通知所有监听器
protected void initApplicationEventMulticaster() {
	ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
	// 如果工厂已有applicationEventMulticaster
	if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME)) {
		this.applicationEventMulticaster =
				beanFactory.getBean(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, ApplicationEventMulticaster.class);
		···日志打印
	}
	// 没有则使用SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
	else {
		this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
		beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);	
		···日志打印
	}
}
  1. 空方法,子类扩展使用,加载子类中的其他特殊bean
protected void onRefresh() throws BeansException {
	// For subclasses: do nothing by default.
}
  1. 添加监听器到事件广播器中
protected void registerListeners() {
	// 注册静态指定的侦听器
	for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
		getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
	}

	// 注册BeanFactory中所有ApplicationListener类型的监听器
	String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
	for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
		getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
	}

	// 调用事件广播器处理早期应用事件
	Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents;
	this.earlyApplicationEvents = null;
	if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(earlyEventsToProcess)) {
		for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) {
			getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent);
		}
	}
}
  1. 完成BeanFactory初始化,初始化所有剩余的singletonBean详见
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
	// 为IOC容器配置类型转换
	if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
			beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
		beanFactory.setConversionService(
				beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
	}

	// 如果没有bean后处理程序,则注册一个默认的嵌入式值解析器,主要解析注解值
	if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
		beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
	}

	// 初始 LoadTimeWeaverAware 
	String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
	for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
		getBean(weaverAwareName);
	}

	// 停止使用临时加载器
	beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

	// 冻结之前beandifinition的配置,configurationFrozen = true
	beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

	// 实例化IOC容器中非懒加载的单例对象
	beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}
  1. 上下文刷新完毕处理
protected void finishRefresh() {
	// 清除资源缓存
	clearResourceCaches();

	// 为此上下文初始化生命周期处理器
	initLifecycleProcessor();

	// 将刷新完毕事件传播到生命周期处理器
	getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

	// 推送上下文刷新完毕事件到相应的监听器
	publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

	// Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
	LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}

总结

  1. 构造方法中获得ResourcePatternResolver和环境变量
  2. 设置资源位置
  3. refresh
    3.1 prepareRefresh date active,requiredProperties校验 早期监听
    3.2 obtainFreshBeanFactory 获得defaultListBeanFAcotry 设置SerializationId 可覆盖 可循环依赖 解析xml import alias bean 命名空间解析 资源加载 * 和 不带*
    3.3 prepareBeanFactory 类加载、el表达式、资源属性编辑器 BeanPostProcessorAware初始化前配置spring资源,忽略依赖接口,可解析依赖不用直接在bean中定义,环境变量,织入
    3.4 postProcessBeanFactory 子类实现,加载一些额外资源,如ServletContext
    3.5 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessor 调用BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor->BeanFactoryPostProcessor的方法,Priority、Order、普通顺序执行 织入
    3.6 registerBeanPostProcessors 注册Bean初始回调
    3.7 initMessageResource 初始国际化资源
    3.8 initApplicationEventMulticaster 初始事件广播器
    3.9 onRefresh 子类实现,加载特殊bean
    3.10 registerListeners 在事件广播器中注册监听器
    3.11 finishBeanFactoryInitialization 类型转换 LoadTimeWeaverAware类初始 冻结配置 完成单例bean初始化
    3.12 finishRefresh 初始生命周期处理器 发布ContextRefreshedEvent事件
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