ViewPager与Fragment的配合使用,除了FragmentPagerAdapter之外,还有另外一个选择FragmentStatePagerAdapter。
其实在实际应用中FragmentStatePagerAdapter相对于FragmentPagerAdapter多了两个全局变量:
private ArrayList<Fragment.SavedState> mSavedState = new ArrayList<Fragment.SavedState>();
private ArrayList<Fragment> mFragments = new ArrayList<Fragment>();
在这个地方,需要注意的是:
①mSavedState 保存每个Fragment的状态信息的列表
②mFragments 保存每个Fragment实例对象的列表
接下来,贴出来源码分析一波:
/*** 获取给定位置对应的Fragment。
** @param position 给定的位置
* @return 对应的Fragment
* */
public abstract Fragment getItem(int position);
@Override
public void startUpdate(ViewGroup container) {}
@Override
public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
// 获取给定位置的已存在Fragment
if (mFragments.size() > position) {
Fragment f = mFragments.get(position);
if (f != null) {
return f;
}
}
// 创建新事务
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
// 创建给定位置的Fragment
Fragment fragment = getItem(position);
if (DEBUG)
Log.v(TAG, "Adding item #" + position + ": f=" + fragment);
// 读取给定位置的Fragment保存的状态,并用该状态对Fragment进行初始化
if (mSavedState.size() > position) {
Fragment.SavedState fss = mSavedState.get(position);
if (fss != null) {
fragment.setInitialSavedState(fss);
}
}
while (mFragments.size() <= position) {
mFragments.add(null);
}
fragment.setMenuVisibility(false);
fragment.setUserVisibleHint(false);
mFragments.set(position, fragment);
// 添加Fragment到FragmentManager中
mCurTransaction.add(container.getId(), fragment);
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
Fragment fragment = (Fragment) object;
// 创建新事务
if (mCurTransaction == null) {
mCurTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
}
if (DEBUG)
Log.v(TAG, "Removing item #" + position + ": f=" + object + " v=" + ((Fragment)object).getView());
while (mSavedState.size() <= position) {
mSavedState.add(null);
}
// 保存当前销毁的Fragment的状态
mSavedState.set(position, fragment.isAdded() ? mFragmentManager.saveFragmentInstanceState(fragment) : null);
mFragments.set(position, null);
// 移除销毁的Fragment
mCurTransaction.remove(fragment); }
@Override
public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
Fragment fragment = (Fragment)object;
if (fragment != mCurrentPrimaryItem) {
// 主要项切换,相关菜单及信息进行切换
if (mCurrentPrimaryItem != null) {
mCurrentPrimaryItem.setMenuVisibility(false);
mCurrentPrimaryItem.setUserVisibleHint(false);
}
if (fragment != null) {
fragment.setMenuVisibility(true);
fragment.setUserVisibleHint(true);
}
mCurrentPrimaryItem = fragment;
}
}
@Override
public void finishUpdate(ViewGroup container) {
if (mCurTransaction != null) {
// 提交事务
mCurTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
mCurTransaction = null;
// 立即运行等待中事务
mFragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
}
}
@Override
public boolean isViewFromObject(View view, Object object) {
return ((Fragment)object).getView() == view;
}
@Override
public Parcelable saveState() {
Bundle state = null;
if (mSavedState.size() > 0) {
// 保存Fragment状态列表
state = new Bundle();
Fragment.SavedState[] fss = new Fragment.SavedState[mSavedState.size()];
mSavedState.toArray(fss);
state.putParcelableArray("states", fss);
}
// 保存Fragment列表
for (int i=0; i<mFragments.size(); i++) {
Fragment f = mFragments.get(i);
if (f != null && f.isAdded()) {
if (state == null) {
state = new Bundle();
}
String key = "f" + i;
mFragmentManager.putFragment(state, key, f);
}
}
return state;
}
@Override
public void restoreState(Parcelable state, ClassLoader loader) {
if (state != null) {
// 读取Fragment状态列表
Bundle bundle = (Bundle)state;
bundle.setClassLoader(loader);
Parcelable[] fss = bundle.getParcelableArray("states");
mSavedState.clear();
mFragments.clear();
if (fss != null) {
for (int i=0; i<fss.length; i++) {
mSavedState.add((Fragment.SavedState)fss[i]);
}
}
// 读取Fragment列表
Iterable<String> keys = bundle.keySet();
for (String key: keys) {
if (key.startsWith("f")) {
int index = Integer.parseInt(key.substring(1));
Fragment f = mFragmentManager.getFragment(bundle, key);
if (f != null) {
while (mFragments.size() <= index) {
mFragments.add(null);
}
f.setMenuVisibility(false);
mFragments.set(index, f);
} else {
Log.w(TAG, "Bad fragment at key " + key);
}
}
}
}
}
从源代码中,我们可以清楚了解到FragmentStatePagerAdapter与FragmentPagerAdapter的不同:
FragmentStatePagerAdapter对Fragment实例和Fragment状态进行引用保留。
FragmentStatePagerAdapter在instantiateItem方法中,创建新Fragment后,读取对应Fragment状态对其进行初始化设置,并且只使用到add方法。
FragmentStatePagerAdapter在destroyItem方法中,销毁Fragment时,保存其Fragment状态,并且使用remove方法移除Fragment。
FragmentStatePagerAdapter重载了saveState方法和restoreState方法,在其中对于Fragment实例列表和Fragment状态列表进行保存和读取。
通过运行结果分析可以得到:
当Fragment重新被add时,Fragment的生命周期全部重新调用,但是savedInstanceState参数保留着之前存储的数据。
Fragment在FragmentStatePagerAdapter类的destroyItem方法中被remove时,Fragment的onDestroy方法和onDetach方法都被调用到。