关于Hibernate ResultTransformer

 

在使用hibernate的时候，有时想要把查询结果自动映射为自定义类型或者Map类型，我们一般都会这样操作：

Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("sql")
                .unwrap(NativeQuery.class)
                .setResultTransformer(Transformers.ALIAS_TO_ENTITY_MAP);

项目上用的是hibernate5.4，结果发现setResultTransformer方法自5.2版本已过时：

 而且org.hibernate.Query接口也过时，官方文档推荐使用org.hibernate.query.Query，但是没有明确说明setResultTransformer方法的替代用法。当然，过时又不是现在不能用了，不追求完美的话还是按原来的方式用就可以，但是我们要知道原因。

百度了许久，答案基本上都是unwrap的时候使用实现类：

这样确实不提示过时了，但是我觉得既然被弃用肯定是有原因的，肯定是有更优的实现方式的，直接去那个问答网站上搜，果然搜到有用的干货。 

The Hibernate 5.2 implementation of the DTO projection cannot materialize the DTO projection from the ResultSet without executing a secondary query. However, this is very bad to performance since it can lead to N+1 query issues.

大概意思是原来的实现方式会造成 N+1 query 问题。

This HQL limitation has been discussed, and Hibernate 6.0 new SQM parser might address this issue, so stay tuned!

6.0会解决的，等着瞧好吧。

Hibernate 6 has not been released yet. However, based on this issue ResultTransformer interface was split into the 2 functional interfaces: TupleTransformer and ResultListTransformer.

怎么解决才是要点，

使用示例如下：

List<PersonAndCountryDTO> personAndAddressDTOs = entityManager
.createQuery(
    "select p, c.name " +
    "from Person p " +
    "join Country c on p.locale = c.locale " +
    "order by p.id")
.unwrap( org.hibernate.query.Query.class )
.setResultTransformer(
    new ResultTransformer() {
        @Override
        public Object transformTuple(
            Object[] tuple,
            String[] aliases) {
            return new PersonAndCountryDTO(
                (Person) tuple[0],
                (String) tuple[1]
            );
        }
 
        @Override
        public List transformList(List collection) {
            return collection;
        }
    }
)
.getResultList();

测试DTO，组合了Persion和Country：

public class PersonAndCountryDTO{
 
    private final Person person;
 
    private final String country;
 
    public PersonAndCountryDTO(
        Person person,
        String country) {
        this.person = person;
        this.country = country;
    }
 
    public Person getPerson() {
        return person;
    }
 
    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }
}