RMAN异机恢复

1. 环境说明：
原机：192.168.102.156     ORACLE 10.2.0.1
目标：192.168.102.157     ORACLE 10.2.0.1

2.对数据库做创建一张表。

SQL> create table rmantest(id number(9));

Table created.

SQL> insert into rmantest(id) values(88);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

3. 目标库准备实例名准备：此实例名为原库的实例名。 不要随意设， 因控制文件里是有记录DB_NAME的， 如果你随便设置实例名，是没办法完成迁移的。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=gg1
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
gg1

4. 目标库准备参数文件。
（1） 在原库创建一个PFILE文件。

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/initgg1.ora' from spfile;

File created.

（2） 奖参数文件移至目标库。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 ~]$ scp initgg1.ora oracle@192.168.102.157:/home/oracle
oracle@192.168.102.157's password: 
initgg1.ora                                                                                                100% 1051     1.0KB/s   00:00  

5. 在目标库创建参数文件中所需要的目录。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p admin/gg1/adump
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p admin/gg1/bdump
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p admin/gg1/cdump
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p admin/gg1/dpdump
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p admin/gg1/udump
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir flash_recovery_area
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir -p oradata/gg1
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ mkdir archivelog

6. 在目标库创建SPFILE文件，并将数据库启动到NOMOUNT状态。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=gg1
[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Sep 21 01:21:51 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/initgg1.ora';

File created.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218292 bytes
Variable Size              83888396 bytes
Database Buffers           75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

 

7. 对原数据库进行热备份。 必备条件： 数据库属归档模式。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Sep 21 01:21:49 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: GG1 (DBID=1620494887)

RMAN>  run{
allocate channel a1 type disk;
allocate channel a2 type disk;
backup format='/home/oracle/rman/full_%d_%T_%s'  database;
backup format='/home/oracle/rman/arch_%d_%T_%s' archivelog all;
backup format='/home/oracle/rman/ctl_%U' current controlfile;
release channel a2;
 release channel a1;
}2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 

released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: a1
channel a1: sid=158 devtype=DISK

allocated channel: a2
channel a2: sid=141 devtype=DISK

Starting backup at 21-SEP-12
channel a1: starting full datafile backupset
channel a1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00005 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/example01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/sysaux01.dbf
channel a1: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: starting full datafile backupset
channel a2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00006 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/gg01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/users01.dbf
channel a2: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_10 tag=TAG20120921T013222 comment=NONE
channel a2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel a2: starting full datafile backupset
channel a2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel a2: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_11 tag=TAG20120921T013222 comment=NONE
channel a2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel a2: starting full datafile backupset
channel a2: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel a2: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_12 tag=TAG20120921T013222 comment=NONE
channel a2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel a1: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_9 tag=TAG20120921T013222 comment=NONE
channel a1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:48
Finished backup at 21-SEP-12

Starting backup at 21-SEP-12
current log archived
channel a1: starting archive log backupset
channel a1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=4 recid=1 stamp=794527523
channel a1: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: starting archive log backupset
channel a2: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=5 recid=2 stamp=794538401
input archive log thread=1 sequence=6 recid=3 stamp=794539337
input archive log thread=1 sequence=7 recid=4 stamp=794539385
channel a2: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/arch_GG1_20120921_13 tag=TAG20120921T013312 comment=NONE
channel a2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel a1: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/arch_GG1_20120921_14 tag=TAG20120921T013312 comment=NONE
channel a1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel a2: starting archive log backupset
channel a2: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
input archive log thread=1 sequence=8 recid=5 stamp=794539992
channel a2: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a2: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/arch_GG1_20120921_15 tag=TAG20120921T013312 comment=NONE
channel a2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 21-SEP-12

Starting backup at 21-SEP-12
channel a1: starting full datafile backupset
channel a1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
channel a1: starting piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
channel a1: finished piece 1 at 21-SEP-12
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/ctl_0gnlndut_1_1 tag=TAG20120921T013317 comment=NONE
channel a1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 21-SEP-12

released channel: a2

released channel: a1

8. 将备份移至目标机。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 ~]$ cd rman/
[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 rman]$ ls
arch_GG1_20120921_13  arch_GG1_20120921_15  full_GG1_20120921_10  full_GG1_20120921_12
arch_GG1_20120921_14  ctl_0gnlndut_1_1      full_GG1_20120921_11  full_GG1_20120921_9
[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 rman]$ scp * oracle@192.168.102.157:/home/oracle/rman
oracle@192.168.102.157's password: 
arch_GG1_20120921_13                                                                                       100%   13MB  12.8MB/s   00:01    
arch_GG1_20120921_14                                                                                       100%   25MB  12.5MB/s   00:02    
arch_GG1_20120921_15                                                                                       100%  281KB 281.0KB/s   00:00    
ctl_0gnlndut_1_1                                                                                           100% 6944KB   6.8MB/s   00:00    
full_GG1_20120921_10                                                                                       100%   33MB   8.2MB/s   00:04    
full_GG1_20120921_11                                                                                       100% 6944KB   6.8MB/s   00:00    
full_GG1_20120921_12                                                                                       100%   96KB  96.0KB/s   00:01    
full_GG1_20120921_9                                                                                        100%  561MB  11.9MB/s   00:47    

9. 在目标机上恢复控制文件。

[oracle@GOLDENGATE2 rman]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Sep 21 01:36:10 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: gg1 (not mounted)

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/rman/ctl_0gnlndut_1_1';

Starting restore at 21-SEP-12
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output filename=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/control01.ctl
output filename=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/control02.ctl
output filename=/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 21-SEP-12

10. 启动数据库到MOUNT状态。

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

11.恢复数据库。

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 21-SEP-12
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 21-SEP-12
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 7 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 21-SEP-12

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 21-SEP-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 21-SEP-12

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00002 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/users01.dbf
restoring datafile 00006 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/gg01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_10
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_10 tag=TAG20120921T013222
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to /home/oracle/oradata/gg1/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_9
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/full_GG1_20120921_9 tag=TAG20120921T013222
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
Finished restore at 21-SEP-12

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 21-SEP-12
using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archive log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=8
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/rman/arch_GG1_20120921_15
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/rman/arch_GG1_20120921_15 tag=TAG20120921T013312
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
archive log filename=/home/oracle/archivelog/1_8_794474474.dbf thread=1 sequence=8
unable to find archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=9
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 09/21/2012 01:38:18
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 9 lowscn 529513

查看原库日志：

[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 archivelog]$ ls
1_4_794474474.dbf  1_5_794474474.dbf  1_6_794474474.dbf  1_7_794474474.dbf  1_8_794474474.dbf
[oracle@GOLDENGATE1 archivelog]$ 

干， 这里就没有那日志。
因为原库并未生成SEQ为9的日志，这里根本就没有9的备份。
用SQLPLUS连进行执行恢复。

SQL> recover database using backup controlfile;
ORA-00279: change 529513 generated at 09/21/2012 01:33:11 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /home/oracle/archivelog/1_9_794474474.dbf
ORA-00280: change 529513 for thread 1 is in sequence #9

 

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.

12。 打开数据库。

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/home/oracle/oradata/gg1/system01.dbf'

因为控制文件和数据文件不一致。
解决办法：
修改参数文件：增加 _allow_resetlogs_corruption='TURE'
关闭数据库，重建SPFILE文件，并启动到NOMOUNT状态。
打开数据库：

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

13。 检查
REDO日志和临时表空间文件会在打开数据库时根据控制文件中的记录去创建。

查看原库所建的表：

SQL> select * from rmantest;

        ID
----------
        88

迁移完成。