结合Command以AOP方式实现事务

nuget包

1. Autofac
2. Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection
3. MediatR
4. MediatR.Extensions.Microsoft.DependencyInjection

一、Command

 public class CreateStudentCommand : IRequest<int>
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; } 
        public string Sex { get; set; }
        public string Phone { get; set; }
        public string Address { get; set; }
    }

二、CommandHandler

  public class CreateStudentCommandHandler : IRequestHandler<CreateStudentCommand, int>
    {

        private readonly StudentDbContext _studentDbContext;
        private readonly IMediator _mediator;

        public CreateStudentCommandHandler(StudentDbContext studentDbContext , IMediator mediator)
        {
            _studentDbContext = studentDbContext;
            _mediator = mediator;
        }
        public async Task<int> Handle(CreateStudentCommand request, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            Student student = new Student
            {
                Name = "123",
                Sex = "男",
                Address = "huayuan",
                Phone = "1768894221"
            };
            var entity = _studentDbContext.Student.Add(student);
            await _studentDbContext.SaveChangesAsync();
            //这里用来测试抛出异常情况，注释掉，是正常更改数据得方式
            throw new UserFriendlyException("事务抛出异常");
            return entity.Entity.ID;
        }

三、TransactionBehaviour事务类

这里类似于AOP编程，在进行注册后，能都在每个CommandHandler前后进行处理，这里是将每个handler包裹在一个事务里，来保证数据的一致，完整。

//再MediatR 10版本后就需要规定继承 where TRequest : IRequest<TResponse>
public class TransactionBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse> : IPipelineBehavior<TRequest, TResponse> where TRequest : IRequest<TResponse>
    {
        private readonly ILogger<TransactionBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>> _logger;
        private readonly StudentDbContext _dbContext;

        public TransactionBehaviour(ILogger<TransactionBehaviour<TRequest, TResponse>> logger,
            StudentDbContext dbContext)
        {
            _logger = logger ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(logger));
            _dbContext = dbContext ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(dbContext));
        }

        public async Task<TResponse> Handle(TRequest request, CancellationToken cancellationToken, RequestHandlerDelegate<TResponse> next)
        {
            var response = default(TResponse);
            var typeName = request.GetType().Name;

            
            var strategy = _dbContext.Database.CreateExecutionStrategy();
            await strategy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
            {
            //开启事务
                using (var transaction = _dbContext.Database.BeginTransaction())
                {
                    _logger.LogInformation("----- Begin transaction {TransactionId} for {CommandName} ({@Command})", transaction.TransactionId, typeName, request);

                    response = await next();

                    _logger.LogInformation("----- Commit transaction {TransactionId} for {CommandName}", transaction.TransactionId, typeName);
//提交事务
                    await transaction.CommitAsync();
                }
            });

            return response;
        }

四、控制器

   [HttpPost]
        public async Task<int> Add([FromBody] CreateStudentCommand student)
        {
            return await _mediator.Send(student); 
        }

五、MediatorModule注册MediatR

 public class MediatorModule : Autofac.Module
    {
        protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(typeof(IMediator).GetTypeInfo().Assembly)
                .AsImplementedInterfaces();

            builder.Register<ServiceFactory>(context =>
            {
                var componentContext = context.Resolve<IComponentContext>();
                return t => { object o; return componentContext.TryResolve(t, out o) ? o : null; };
            });
//事务处理类注册
            builder.RegisterGeneric(typeof(TransactionBehaviour<,>)).As(typeof(IPipelineBehavior<,>));
        }
    }

六 、MediatR模块注入

  public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            //注入mediatR
            services.AddMediatR(typeof(Startup));
        }
        //MediatR的注册模块通过Autofac技术来进行批量注册
         public virtual void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            builder.RegisterModule(new MediatorModule());
        }

七、Startup设置Autofac工厂

 public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                {
                    webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
                    //更改为默认使用Autofac
                }).UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory());

八、演示效果

1.在报错后保存，事务失败回退

1. 添加数据
   
2. 事务失败，回退数据
   自定义报错信息
   
3. 结果数据无变化
   

2. 注释抛出异常代码，保存数据成功