UVA 11255 - Necklace （等价置换）

Problem C - Necklace

Once upon a time, three girls - Winnie, Grace and Bonnie - owned a large number of pearls. However, each of them only had a single color of pearls. Winnie had white pearls, Grace had grey pearls and Bonnie had black pearls. One day, after a long discussion, they decided to make necklaces using the pearls. They are interested in knowing how many patterns can be formed using a certain number of pearls of each color, and have asked you to solve this problem for them. 

Note that rotating or flipping over a necklace cannot produce a different kind of necklace. i.e. The following figure shows three equivalent necklaces. 



The following figure shows all possible necklaces formed by 3 white pearls, 2 grey pearls and 1 black pearl. 



Input
The input begins with an integer  N  (  ≤  2500) which indicates the number of test cases followed. Each of the following test cases consists of three non-negative integers  a ,  b ,  c , where 3  ≤ a  + b  +  c ≤  40. 

Output
For each test case, print out the number of different necklaces that formed by  a  white pearls,  b  grey pearls and  c  black pearls in a single line. 

Sample input

2 
3 2 1 
2 2 2 

Sample output

6 
11 

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Problem setter: Cho 
Special thanks: Michael (for making up the story) 

Source: Tsinghua-HKUST Programming Contest 2007 

题意：有一个项链要染上三种颜色，每种颜色的数量分别是a，b，c， 其中通过旋转和翻转得到的情况算为一种，问一共有多少种染色情况。

思路：可以直接用Burnside定理求。 训练指南上面似乎也有类似的讲解。。。所以就不多讲了。注意置换里面有(1,2,3,...n)这个置换，别漏了。

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
using namespace std;
#define eps 1e-8
#define rep(i,a,b) for(int i = (a); i < (b); ++i)
#define rrep(i,b,a) for(int i = (b); i >= (a); --i)
#define clr(a,x) memset(a,(x),sizeof(a))
#define mp make_pair
#define lson l,m,rt<<1
#define rson m+1,r,rt<<1|1
#define ll long long
#define ld long double
const int maxn = 42;
ll C[maxn][maxn];
int dp[maxn][maxn][maxn];
int a,b,c,n;

void pre_init()
{
    rep(i,0,maxn) {
        C[i][0] = 1;
        rep(j,1,i+1) C[i][j] = C[i-1][j] + C[i-1][j-1];
    }
}

void solve()
{
    int fenmu = n * 2;
    ll fenzi = 0;
    //1 2 3 .... n
    fenzi += C[n][a] * C[n-a][b];
    //旋转
    rep(d,1,n) {
        int len = n / __gcd(d,n);
        int num = n / len;
        if (a % len || b % len || c % len) continue;
        fenzi += C[num][a / len] * C[num - a / len][b / len];
    }
    //翻转
    if (n % 2) {
        int num = (n - 1) >> 1;
        int cnt = a % 2 + b % 2 + c % 2;
        if (cnt == 1) {
            fenzi += C[num][a/2] * C[num-a/2][b/2] * n;
        }
    } else {
        int num = n >> 1;
        int cnt = a % 2 + b % 2 + c % 2;
        if (cnt == 0) fenzi += C[num][a/2] * C[num-a/2][b/2] * (n / 2);
        --num;
        if (cnt == 2) fenzi += 2 * C[num][a / 2] * C[num - a/2][b/2] * (n / 2);
        else if (cnt == 0) {
            if (a >= 2) fenzi += C[num][(a - 2)/2] * C[num - (a - 2) / 2][b / 2] * (n / 2);
            if (b >= 2) fenzi += C[num][(b - 2) / 2] * C[num - (b-2) / 2][a / 2] * (n / 2);
            if (c >= 2) fenzi += C[num][(c - 2) / 2] * C[num - (c - 2) / 2][a / 2] * (n / 2);
        }
    }
    printf("%lld\n",fenzi / fenmu);
}

int main()
{
    #ifdef ACM
        freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
//        freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
    #endif // ACM
    pre_init();
    int T; cin >> T;
    while (T--) {
        scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);
        n = a + b + c;
        solve();
    }
}