建立能与访问者相互通信的本地服务

通过startService()和stopService()启动关闭服务。适用于服务和访问这之间没有交互的情况。如果服务和访问者之间需要方法调用或者传递参数，则需要用bindService()和unbindService()方法启动关闭服务。

采用Context.bindService()方法启动服务，在服务未被创建时，系统会调用服务的onCreate()方法，接着调用onBind()方法，这个时候访问者和服务绑定在一起。如果访问者要与服务进行通信。那么，onBind()方法必须返回Ibinder。如果访问者退出了，系统就会先调用服务的onUnbind()方法，接着调用onDestroy()方法。如果调用bindService()方法前服务已经被绑定，多次调用bindService()方法并不会导致多次创建服务及绑定（也就是说onCreate()和onBind()方法并不会被多次调用）如果访问者希望与正在绑定的服务解除绑定，可以调用unbindService()方法，调用该方法也会导致系统调用服务的onUnbind()-->onDestroy()方法。

示例代码：

1.MainActivity.java

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.student;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	
	private EditText studentno;
	private Button button;
	private TextView resultiew;
	private IStudent iStudent;
	private ServiceConnection conn = new StudentServiceConnection();
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		studentno = (EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.studentno);
		resultiew = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.resultview);
		button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
		button.setOnClickListener(new ButtonClickListener());
		Intent service = new Intent(this,StudentService.class);
		bindService(service, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
	
		
	}
	private class StudentServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {

		@Override
		public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			iStudent = (IStudent)service;
		}

		@Override
		public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			iStudent = null;
		}
		
	}
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		unbindService(conn);
		super.onDestroy();
	}
	private final class ButtonClickListener implements OnClickListener{

		@Override
		public void onClick(View arg0) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			String no = studentno.getText().toString();
			String name = iStudent.queryStudent(Integer.valueOf(no));
			resultiew.setText(name);
		}
		
	}
	

}</span>

2.IStudent.java

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.student;

public interface IStudent {
	public String queryStudent(int no);
}
</span>

3.StudentService.java

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.student;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;

public class StudentService extends Service {
	private String[] name = {"张三","李四","王二"};
	private IBinder binder = new StudentBinder();
	public  String query(int no) {
		if(no>0&&no<4) {
			return name[no-1];
		}
		return null;
	}
	@Override
	public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return binder;
	}
	private class StudentBinder extends Binder implements IStudent{

		@Override
		public String queryStudent(int no) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return query(no);
		}
		
	}

}
</span>

4.activity_main.xml

<span style="font-size:18px;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/studentno" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/studentno"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/button"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/resultview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    

</LinearLayout>
</span>

5.AndroidManifest.xml在activity节点中添加

<span style="font-size:18px;"><service android:name="com.example.student.StudentService"/></span>

6.strings.xml

<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="app_name">StudentFind</string>
    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
    <string name="studentno">学号</string>
    <string name="button">查询</string>
    

</resources>
</span>