rabbitmq之Fair dispatch

正常情况下，rabbitmq server（broker）会盲目地，按照message数目平均地分发message给consumer，而不考虑有的message处理起来比较耗时，有的处理起来很快，

场景问题是，假设有两个consumers，consumerA和consumerB，4条messages，evenly， message1，message3会分发给consumerA去处理，message2，message4会分发给consumerB去处理，有的时候，message1，message3处理起来很简单，耗时很少，几秒钟就处理完毕，message2，message4处理比较耗时，每条message都得处理几分钟，则由于rabbitmq默认只会按照数目平均的分发给consumers，这样会导致consumerA 几秒钟就处理完message1和3，休息，而consumerB还在处理message2中，message4还没开始处理，导致不公平。通常情况下，rabbitmq server只会just blindly dispatches every n-th messageto the n-th consumer.

解决方法：通过channel.basicQos(1);来保证RabbitMQ not to give more thanone message to a worker at a time. Or, in other words, don't dispatcha new message to a worker until it has processed and acknowledged theprevious one. Instead, it will dispatch it to the next worker that is not still busy. 如果不设置这个参数，则rabbitmq会数目均匀的一次性平均分发给各个consumers

int prefetchCount = 1;
channel.basicQos(prefetchCount);

由于queue的size有限，当queue里面的messages满了，你需要增加consumers个数来处理message或者其他的strategy

Using message acknowledgments and prefetchCount you can set up awork queue. The durability options let the tasks survive even ifRabbitMQ is restarted.

reference: http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-two-java.html