springboot 自定义注解

1、引入maven依赖（版本太低也会导致不生效）

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.10</version>
        </dependency>

2、创建注解接口（javax.validation版本是2.0.0的，自行选择，太低也不行）

package com.wang.test.annotation;
import com.wang.test.annotation.CheckField.List;

import javax.validation.Constraint;
import javax.validation.Payload;
import java.lang.annotation.*;

import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.*;
//主要标记在什么代码上可以使用
//    TYPE,//类，接口（包括注解类型）或枚举的声明
//    FIELD,//属性的声明
//    METHOD,//方法的声明
//    PARAMETER,//方法形式参数声明
//    CONSTRUCTOR,//构造方法的声明
//    LOCAL_VARIABLE,//局部变量声明
//    ANNOTATION_TYPE,//注解类型声明
//    PACKAGE//包的声明
@Target({METHOD,FIELD,ANNOTATION_TYPE,CONSTRUCTOR,PARAMETER,TYPE_USE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Repeatable(List.class)
//CheckValidator  自定义类，主要用于注解校验
@Constraint(validatedBy = CheckValidator.class)
public @interface CheckField {
    String message() default "密码必须包含至少一个大写字母、一个小写字母和一个数字";

    Class<?>[] groups() default {};

    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};
    @Target({METHOD,FIELD,ANNOTATION_TYPE,CONSTRUCTOR,PARAMETER,TYPE_USE})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    @interface List {
            CheckField[] value();
    }
}

package com.wang.test.annotation;

import javax.validation.ConstraintValidator;
import javax.validation.ConstraintValidatorContext;

//CheckField  自定义注解的接口
public class CheckValidator implements ConstraintValidator<CheckField, String> {

    private static final String PASSWORD_PATTERN = "^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\\d)[a-zA-Z\\d]{8,}$";

    @Override
    public void initialize(CheckField constraintAnnotation) {
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isValid(String value, ConstraintValidatorContext context) {
//        if (!value.matches(PASSWORD_PATTERN)) {
//            throw new RuntimeException("大大");
//        }
//        return value.matches(PASSWORD_PATTERN);
        if (value.contains("*")){
            throw new RuntimeException("包含");
        }else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

3、可以创建全局异常来捕获（Result可以自己定义）

package com.wang.test.annotation;

import com.wang.test.utils.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.omg.CORBA.SystemException;
import org.springframework.validation.BindException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
 
@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(SystemException.class)
    public Result systemExceptionHandler(SystemException e) {
        log.error("出现了异常! {}", e);
        return Result.nok(e.getCause().getMessage());
    }
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public Result exceptionHandler(Exception e) {
        log.error("出现了异常! {}", e);
        return Result.nok(e.getCause().getMessage());
    }
    /* 添加校验参数异常处理 */
    @ExceptionHandler(BindException.class)
    public Result bindExceptionHandler(BindException e) {
        log.error("出现了异常! {}", e);
        return Result.nok(e.getCause().getMessage());
    }
}

4、统一返回结果类

package com.wang.test.utils;

public class Result<T> {

    private static final String SUCCESS = "SUCCESS";

    private static final String FAIL = "FAIL";

    private String code;

    private String message;

    private T Data;

    public Result(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public Result(String code, String message) {
        super();
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
    }

    public Result(String code, String message, T data) {
        super();
        this.code = code;
        this.message = message;
        Data = data;
    }

    public Result() {

    }

    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public T getData() {
        return Data;
    }

    public void setData(T data) {
        Data = data;
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> ok(T object) {
        return new Result<T>(SUCCESS, "", object);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> ok() {
        return new Result<T>(SUCCESS);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> nok(String message) {
        return new Result<T>(FAIL, message);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> nok() {
        return new Result<T>(FAIL);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> nok(String code, String message) {
        return new Result<T>(code, message);
    }

    public static <T> Result<T> nok(String code, String message, T object) {
        return new Result<T>(code, message, object);
    }
}

5、场景使用

package com.wang.test.entity;

import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelIgnore;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.format.NumberFormat;
import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.data.WriteCellData;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.FieldFill;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.wang.test.annotation.CheckField;
import com.wang.test.utils.CustomStringStringConverter;
import lombok.*;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
//@Accessors(chain = true)
@Builder
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class WaterMeter implements Serializable {

	/**
	
    @CheckField(message = "dadad")
    @TableField("waterMeter")
    @ExcelProperty(value = {"水表数据","水表名"},converter = CustomStringStringConverter.class)
    private String waterMeter;
    
    private List<@Valid uesr> uesrList;
}


package com.wang.test.entity;

import com.wang.test.annotation.CheckField;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;

/**
 * @BelongsPackage: com.wang.test.entity
 * @Author: wangqian
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-08  09:15:59
 * @Describe:
 */
@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
public class uesr {

    String id;

    @CheckField()
    String age;

}

//这个是接口，需要在接口传参上加@Validated 注解，
//注解版本（org.springframework:spring-context:5.3.26）
@PostMapping("/getDataById")
    public Result a(@Validated @RequestBody WaterMeter waterMeter){
//        WaterMeter waterMeter = waterMeterService.getDataById(id);
        return Result.ok(waterMeter);
    }