wuhui_gdnt的专栏

1.1.1. Identifier of tree node - tree_code Within the definition of tree_node, items like tree_type, tree_decl etc, are used for the semantics ingrediences, for example, tree_type is used for type d

About 4 years ago, I joined GDNT – the coventure of Nortel in China and worked in project of Radio access network of 3G UMTS; where I used GCC first time. At that time Nortel widely used GCC as the of

1.1.3. Tree node allocation1.1.3.1.    Decision of node sizeThe allocaiton function of tree node is done by make_node below. The detail of parameter code is shown in above tables, note that it is

1.2. Building tree nodesAbove make_node gives the tool to create nodes for certain tree code. However, this facility is quite primitive. GCC also defines a series functions to create nodes group for

1.2.2. Create node for internal types For internal types of the language, for example, int, unsigned short in C/C++, the compiler will create nodes for these types first when it starts up.1.2.2.1.

1.2.4. Create node for address conceptIn C++, concept of pointer, reference, and address are exchangable at certain level. The langauage allows to manipulate the content of the address directly via

1.2.3. Create node for real constantNode in GCC to represent real constant is tree_real_cst as below.1.2.3.1.    Node of tree_real_cst 702  struct tree_real_cst GTY(())                        

1.3. Create nodes for non-unary expressionbuild can be used to create tree node for expression. But it can only accept nodes of expression, and composes them into a more complex one. It can’t be use

1.4. Create node for uniary expression - build1build1 is same as build, but only builds for unary operators. Saves lion share of calls to build; cuts down use of varargs, which is expensive for RISC

1.6. Create node for types – part 11.6.1. Create node for function typesFirst, we see what FUNCTION_TYPE is:FUNCTION_TYPE[2]²        Used to represent the type of non-member functions and of s

1.6.3.1.1.1.2.              Right shiftFor the right shift, it is similar handling. Again, paramter ll is the lower part of the number being shifted, and hl is the high part, while count is the bits

1.6.1.1.1.1.4.              Addition and minusThen for other operation, back in int_const_binop. int_const_binop (continue) 1239     case PLUS_EXPR:1240       overflow = add_double (int1l,

1.6.3.1.1.2.      Get the resultIn the rest of int_const_binop, the operation result which now are saved in low and hi, will be combined into a tree object with corresponding fields set. Below notru

2.        Compiler initializationThis core begins in the main function in file main.c at YOUR-GCC-SOURCE-DIR/gcc directory. This function does nothing but calls toplev_main. 4684 int4685 tople

1.6.3. Create node for array typeWhen invoking build_array_type, the second parameter index_type should be node of index created in previous sector. 3790 tree3791 build_array_type (tree elt_ty

2.2. Initialize hashtable for typeAfter initializing hashtable for identifier, general_init invokes init_ttree to initialize the hashtable for type. 116  void117  init_ttree (void)            

2.2.3.1.5.            Information of aggregate type 2.2.3.1.5.1.      Overview[2]A class type is represented by either a RECORD_TYPE or a UNION_TYPE. A class declared with the union tag is represe

2.2.3.1.5.2.2.5.        Layout of UNIONAbove line 854, rli->t is tree node of the type to be laid out., amd comes at here, field must be a FIELD_DECL. If rli->t is not a RECORD_TYPE, in C++, it must

2.2.3.1.5.2.2.6.        FIELD_DECL of RECORD_TYPEWe have known that FIELD_DECL is used to represent a non-static data member, and the detail is given in following FIELD_DECL[2]²        These nod

2.4. Initialize Optimization ParametersBack to general_init, at line 4264 add_params saves elements of lang_independent_params into compiler_params which contains the compiler parameters and their c

3.        Preparation According to Parsing Options3.1. Hooks for LangaugesBack to toplev_main, as we mentioned before, it’s appreciate that front-end can make new language introducation easy. In G

3.2.1. Create cpp_readerAt line 205 above, cpp_create_reader tries to create a cpp_reader object. For language requires preprocessor like C and C++, usually compiler should provide a pass to preproc

Field op_stack in cpp_reader aims to handle multiple-include optimization (using #if !defined and #endif to enclose #include directive), it will holds the tokens of the #if or #elseif expression.  

3.2.2. Prepare for switches handling After creating cpp_reader, c_common_init_options confirms the language finally; and initializes related data structure. The function will return information abou

3.3. Handling switches3.3.1. Options related to optimizationBack to decode_options, at line 480, for C++, initialize_diagnostics in lang_hooks points to cxx_initialize_diagnostics. It setups diagn

3.3.2. Initializing options related to targetAt line 605 above, set_target_switch handles options related to compile target. All these options begins with “-m”. 3829 void3830 set_target_switch

3.3.3.1.2.            Handling common options For common switches or switches can’t be finished by c_common_handle_option, common_handle_option is invoked. 655  static int656  common_handle_op

common_handle_option (continue) 909      case OPT_fcall_used_:910        fix_register (arg, 0, 1);911        break;912  913      case OPT_fcall_saved_:914        fix_register (arg, 0, 0)

common_handle_option (continue) 1179     case OPT_fprofile:1180       profile_flag = value;1181       break;11821183     case OPT_fprofile_arcs:1184       profile_arc_flag_set = true;1

3.3.3. Handling other optionsNow everything is ready, it’s time to handle options other than –O, the optimization option. decode_options (continue) 618    handle_options (argc, argv, lang_ma

3.3.4. Finish the handlingWhen return from handle_options, decode_options updates other flags accordingly. Orinigal value of flag_no_inline and flag_really_no_inline are 2. If appropriate, flag_no_i

-foptimize-sibling-callsRefer to flag_optimize_sibling_callsCL_COMMON-foptional-diagsEnable optional diagnosticsCL_CXX | CL_ObjCXX-fpack-struct

3.3.3.1.    Usable optionsThis array is initialized in options.c and the initializing value is displayed in following table. It is a long list. For more details, refers to [6], [8]. Note that the en

4.1.1. Finish the setup of search pathGCC looks in several different places for headers. On a normal Unix system, if you do not instruct it otherwise, it will look for headers requested with `#inclu

4.1.2. Set up flags controlling lexerBelow, flag_inline_trees, it is 0 if we should not perform inlining, 1 if we should expand functions calls inline at the tree level, and 2 if we should consider

4.1.3. Read in source fileAs now cpp_reader is ready, it is time to read in source files. Below, macro input_line accesses line field of global variable input_location which records the current file

4.1.3.1.1.1.      Validate PCH FileIf PCH file is found, it needs ensure this file is valid. 1257 static bool1258 validate_pch (cpp_reader *pfile, _cpp_file *file, const char *pchname)        

3.3.3.1.1.            Options for C++For C/C++ or obj-C, handle_options of lang_hooks is the same as c_common_handle_option. In below, OPT_* is used as index into cl_options. 251  int252  c_co

c_common_handle_option (continue) 401     case OPT_Wbad_function_cast:402        warn_bad_function_cast = value;403        break;404  405      case OPT_Wcast_qual:406        warn_cast_qu

c_common_handle_option (continue) 657      case OPT_Wwrite_strings:658        if (!c_dialect_cxx ())659          flag_const_strings = value;660        else661          warn_write_strings =