MySQL主从复制

MySQL主从复制原理图：

一、基本配置：虚拟机开两个Ubuntu server

主数据库：
	开启二进制日志
	配置唯一server-id
	获得master二进制日志文件名及位置
	创建一个用于slave和master通信的账号

从数据库：
	配置唯一server-id
	使用master创建的账号读取master的二进制日志
	启动slave服务

二、前提：

Ubuntu server16.04.5
mysql 5.7.25
主数据库：10.31.151.44
从数据库：10.31.151.45

三、主数据库修改：
找到主数据库的的配置文件，我的是/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

[mysqld]下添加
	
log-bin=mysql-bin 
server-id=1

如下：

[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user		= mysql
pid-file	= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket		= /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port		= 3306
basedir		= /usr
datadir		= /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir		= /tmp
lc-messages-dir	= /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking

log-bin=mysql-bin 
server-id=1

开启MySQL，创建用于通信的账号，并赋予权限：

CREATE USER 'ceshi'@'10.31.151.45' IDENTIFIED BY 'slavepass'; # 创建账号

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'ceshi'@'10.31.151.45';# 赋予权限

flush privileges;    # 刷新权限

重启MySQL sudo service mysql restart

查看master 状态，并记录二进制文件名及位置

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

四、从数据库修改：
找到mysql配置，添加server-id
[mysqld]
server-id=2 #设置server-id，必须唯一

开启mysql，执行SQL语句

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.31.151.44',MASTER_USER='ceshi',MASTER_PASSWORD='slavepass',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=154; 

启动slave同步：

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看slave状态：

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.31.151.44
                  Master_User: rep2
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes  # 必须为yes,如果是contenting，注意账号或IP有没有写错
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  # 必须为yes，才配置成功
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
              Relay_Log_Space: 531
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 5a786ac2-3766-11e9-b981-000c294cbe35
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

五、验证
验证主数据库：
主数据库创建一个叫ceshi的库：

mysql> create database ceshi charset=utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)


mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| ceshi              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

验证从数据库：

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| ceshi              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

MySQL主从复制配置成功。