1.Linux Shell:
2.Bash commands:
bash Wildcard character:
*; ? ; [0-9] ; [abc] ; [^abc]
3.Change the user:
4.BASH task management
5.File management
6.The tree structure of the liunx file system
- GUI:GNOME
- CLI:BASH
2.Bash commands:
-
hostname :check the name of host
- uname :parameters -r ,-a ;The basic info of Linux
- & :behind of commands to contiune the commands.
- history :check the all commands having been used
- !! :rerun the last command
- !a :rerun the last command with 'a'
- !num :rerun the command by ordered.
- !?ab :run the command contains 'ab'
- !-n :run the command recorded nth desc;
- Ctrl+r :search the commands in history.
- esc , . :re-invoke the parameters of last command in current command.
bash Wildcard character:
*; ? ; [0-9] ; [abc] ; [^abc]
3.Change the user:
- su - : use the root user using the new terminal
- su : user the root user without using the new terminal
- sudo : use the permission of admin to run commands(the current user has been grant the permission of sudo)
- id :check the info of current user
- passwd :modify or reset the password of current user
4.BASH task management
- command &:
- jobs : check the all tasks running in the background.
- ctrl + Z : suspend the current process
- ctrl + C : stop the current process
- bg + num : restart the process[num] in background
- fg : restart the process[num] in front ground
5.File management
- cp :copy the file
- cp -r :copy the whole directory
- cp -rv :show the detail info when copying the whole directory
- mv :move the file
- touch :create a new file or update the time about the existed file
- rm :delete file
- rm -r :delete the whole directory no empty
- rm -ri :list the notice info about the file to be deleted
- rm -rif :force to delete the whole file without any notice
- mkdir :create a new directory
- rmdir :delete a empty directory
6.The tree structure of the liunx file system
- /:
- bin : common runnable Linux commands
- boot : Linux boot directory.(kernel file)
- dev : store the hardware devices in form of files
- etc : almost all configuration files
- home : including the user directory stored the user's private files
- root : the root user's directory
- lib : almost all the library files
- media : the auto mount directory
- mnt : the normal mount directory
- opt : the installation directory of large soft.
- proc : the visual directory not stored in hard disk (real time info of system).
- sbin : the Linux commands only run by super user(root)
- sys : the bottom hardware info included
- temp : the temp directory will be deleted auto
- usr : the installation directory of the common soft
- var : storing the variable the info such as email or logs