组合模式

1.定义

将对象以树形结构组织起来，以达到“部分-整体”的层次结构，使得客户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。

2.UML类图

角色说明：

抽象构件角色(Component)：定义参加组合的对象的公共方法和属性，可以定义一些默认的行为或属性。

叶子构件(Leaf)：叶子对象，其下没有分支。

树枝构件(Composiete):树枝对象，它的作用是组合树枝节点和树叶节点。

4.分类

透明模式：

该模式把用来组合使用的方法放到抽象类中，不管叶子对象还是树枝对象都有相同的结构。

安全模式：

该模式将树枝节点和树叶节点彻底分开，树枝节点单独拥有用来组合的方法。这样叶子节点和树枝节点不具有相同的接口了。

5.代码

package com.designpattern.composite;

import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * 抽象构件
 * 
 * @author wujinsong
 */
public abstract class Equipment {
    /**
     * 设备名称
     */
    public String name;
    
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    /**
     * 实际价格
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public abstract double realPrice();
    
    /**
     * 折扣价
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public abstract double discountPrice();
    
    /**
     * 增加部件
     * 
     * @param equipment the Equipment 部件
     * @return
     */
    public boolean add(Equipment equipment) {
        return false;
    }
    
    /**
     * 删除部件
     * 
     * @param equipment the Equipment
     * @return
     */
    public boolean remove(Equipment equipment) {
        return false;
    }
    
    /**
     * 提供遍历方法
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public Iterator<Equipment> iterator() {
        return null;
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * 
     * @param name
     */
    public Equipment(final String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

package com.designpattern.composite;

/**
 * 叶子构件
 * 
 * @author wujinsong
 */
public class Disk extends Equipment {
    
    public Disk(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
    
    @Override
    public double realPrice() {
        return 1.0;
    }
    
    @Override
    public double discountPrice() {
        return 0.5;
    }
    
}

package com.designpattern.composite;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 树枝构件
 * 
 * @author wujinsong
 */
public class CompositeEquipment extends Equipment {
    // 用来存放子对象
    private List<Equipment> equipments = new ArrayList<Equipment>();
    
    public CompositeEquipment(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
    
    @Override
    public double realPrice() {
        double price = 0.0;
        
        Iterator<Equipment> iterator = equipments.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            price += ((Equipment) iterator.next()).realPrice();
            
            return price;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    
    @Override
    public double discountPrice() {
        double price = 0.0;
        
        Iterator<Equipment> iterator = equipments.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            price += ((Equipment) iterator.next()).discountPrice();
            
            return price;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean add(Equipment equipment) {
        return equipments.add(equipment);
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean remove(Equipment equipment) {
        return equipments.remove(equipment);
    }
    
    @Override
    public Iterator<Equipment> iterator() {
        return equipments.iterator();
    }
    
}

package com.designpattern.composite;

import java.util.Iterator;

/**
 * 客户类
 * 
 * @author wujinsong
 */
public class Client {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CompositeEquipment root = new CompositeEquipment("电脑");
        CompositeEquipment mainBoard = new CompositeEquipment("主板");
        Disk disk1 = new Disk("disk1");
        Disk disk2 = new Disk("disk2");
        Disk disk3 = new Disk("disk3");
        
        root.add(mainBoard);
        root.add(disk3);
        mainBoard.add(disk1);
        mainBoard.add(disk2);
        
        String info = search(root);
        System.out.println(info);
    }
    
    /**
     * 遍历
     * 
     * @param root
     */
    public static String search(Equipment root) {
        Iterator<Equipment> equipments = root.iterator();
        String info = "";
        while (equipments.hasNext()) {
            Equipment equipment = (Equipment) equipments.next();
            if (equipment instanceof Disk) {
                info += equipment.getName() + "\n";
            }
            else {
                info = info + equipment.getName() + "\n" + search(equipment);
            }
        }
        
        return info;
    }
}