1.列表操作
list:是python中相当重要的的数据类型,是一种有序的数据集合。用[ ]表示列表类型,数据项之间用逗号分隔,不限定数据类型,支持索引切片等操作。支持增删改查。
1.1列表访问,删除,切片
访问列表时在列表后加[ ],项数从0开始,
del 用于删除列表中的项
切片操作同字符串[开始项:结束项:步长]
例如:
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
print(a[0])
del a[0] #删除a[0]项
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3'] #a列表
python1 #a[0]项
['python2', 'python3'] #删除a[0]项后的a列表
1.2常用方法
方法 | 说明 |
.append() | 在列表后追加元素 |
.count() | 统计元素出现次数 |
.extend() | 扩展,相当于批量添加 |
.index() | 获取指定元素引索号 |
.insert(x,y) | 指定位置插入,x为位置,y是对象 |
.pop() | 删除项 |
.remove() | 移除左边找到的第一个元素 |
.reverse() | 反转列表 |
.sort() | 列表排序 |
例如:
.append( ) 在列表后追加元素
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
a.append("python4")
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3']
['python1', 'python2', 'python3', 'python4']
.count() 统计元素出现次数
输入:
a=["python1","python1","python3"]
print(a)
print(a.count("python1"))
输出:
['python1', 'python1', 'python3']
2
.extend() 扩展,相当于批量添加
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
b=list(range(10))
print(b)
a.extend(b)
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3']
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
['python1', 'python2', 'python3', 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
.index() 获取指定元素引索号
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
print(a.index("python2"))
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3']
1
.insert(x,y) 指定位置插入,x为位置,y是对象
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
a.insert(2,"python4")
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3']
['python1', 'python2', 'python4', 'python3']
.pop( ) 删除项
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3"]
print(a)
a.pop(1)
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3']
['python1', 'python3']
.remove( ) 删除从左边查找到的第一项
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3","python2"]
print(a)
a.remove("python2")
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3', 'python2']
['python1', 'python3', 'python2']
.reverse( ) 反转列表
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3","python2"]
print(a)
a.reverse()
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3', 'python2']
['python2', 'python3', 'python2', 'python1']
.sort( ) 列表排序
输入:
a=["python1","python2","python3","python2"]
print(a)
a.sort()
print(a)
输出:
['python1', 'python2', 'python3', 'python2']
['python1', 'python2', 'python2', 'python3']