其原型为:
#include <poll.h>
int poll(struct pollfd *fdarray, unsigned long nfds, int timeout);
成功时返回 准备好描述字的个数,超时返回0,出错返回 -1
第一个参数是指向一个结构数组第一个元素的指针,每个数组元素都是一个pollfd结构
结构体定义如下:
struct pollfd {
int fd;
short events;
short revents;
};
要测试的条件由成员events规定,函数在相应的revents成员中返回描述字的状态。
POLLIN:普通或优先级带数据可读
POLLRDNORM:普通数据可读
POLLRDBAND:优先级带数据可读
POLLPRI: 高优先级数据可读
POLLOUT:普通数据可写
POLLWRNORM:普通数据可写
POLLWRBAND:优先级带数据可写
POLLERR:发生错误
POLLHUP:发生挂起
POLLNVAL:描述字不是一个打开的文件
poll识别三个类别的数据:普通、优先级带和高优先级
参数timeout指定函数返回等待多长时间,它是一个指定等待的毫秒数的正值。
INFTIM:永远等待
0:立即返回,不阻塞
>0:等待指定数目的毫秒数
服务器端:
INFTIM加了头文件#include <poll.h>和#include <sys/stropts.h>还是说无定义,后来自行定义
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <sys/stropts.h>
#define SIN_PORT 9999
#define BUFLEN 128
#define OPEN_MAX 100
#ifndef INFTIM
#define INFTIM -1
#endif
void str_echo(int fd);
void sig_child(int signo)
{
pid_t pid;
int stat;
while ((pid = waitpid(-1, &stat, WNOHANG)) > 0) {
printf("pid %d terminated\n", pid);
}
}
size_t readn(int fd, void *ptr, size_t n)
{
char *p = ptr;
size_t nleft = n;
size_t nread;
while (nleft > 0) {
if ((nread = read(fd, p, nleft)) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR) nread = 0;
else return -1;
} else if (nread == 0) break;
nleft -= nread;
p += nread;
}
return n - nleft;
}
size_t readline(int fd, void *ptr, size_t maxsize)
{
char *p = ptr;
size_t rc, n;
char c;
for (n = 1; n < maxsize; n++) {
again:
if ((rc = read(fd, &c, 1)) == 1) {
*p++ = c;
if (c == '\n') break;
} else if (rc == 0) {
if (n == 1) return 0;
else break;
} else {
if (errno == EINTR) goto again;
return -1;
}
}
*p = 0;
return n;
}
size_t writen(int fd, void *ptr, size_t n)
{
char *p = ptr;
size_t nleft = n, nwriten;
while (nleft > 0) {
if ((nwriten = write(fd, p, nleft)) <= 0) {
if (errno == EINTR) nwriten = 0;
else return -1;
}
p += nwriten;
nleft -= nwriten;
}
return n;
}
void str_echo(int fd)
{
char recvline[BUFLEN];
int n;
for (;;) {
if ((n = readline(fd, recvline, BUFLEN)) == 0) return;
printf("received buf=%s", recvline);
writen(fd, recvline, n);
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int listenfd, connfd, sockfd;
int i, maxi, n;
int nready;
struct pollfd client[OPEN_MAX];
struct sockaddr_in servaddr, clientaddr;
char buf[BUFLEN];
socklen_t len;
listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (listenfd < 0) {
printf("socket error :%s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(SIN_PORT);
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
signal(SIGCHLD, sig_child);
if (bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) {
printf("bind error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
close(listenfd);
return -1;
}
if (listen(listenfd, 3) < 0) {
printf("listen error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
close(listenfd);
return -1;
}
client[0].fd = listenfd;
client[0].events = POLLRDNORM;
for (i = 1; i < OPEN_MAX; i++) {
client[i].fd = -1;
}
maxi = 0;
for (;;) {
nready = poll(client, maxi + 1, INFTIM);
if (client[0].revents & POLLRDNORM) {
len = sizeof(len);
connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&clientaddr, &len);
for (i = 1; i < OPEN_MAX; i++) {
if (client[i].fd < 0) {
client[i].fd = connfd;
break;
}
}
if (i == OPEN_MAX) {
printf("too many clients\n");
return;
}
client[i].events = POLLRDNORM;
if (i > maxi) maxi = i;
if (--nready <= 0) continue;
}
for (i = 1; i <= maxi; i++) {
if ((sockfd = client[i].fd) < 0) continue;
if (client[i].revents & (POLLRDNORM | POLLERR)) {
if ((n = readline(sockfd, buf, BUFLEN)) < 0) {
if (errno == ECONNRESET) {
close(sockfd);
client[i].fd = -1;
}
} else if (n == 0) {
close(sockfd);
client[i].fd = -1;
} else {
writen(sockfd, buf, n);
}
}
if (--nready <= 0) break;
}
}
return 0;
}
客户端:
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define SIN_PORT 9999
#define BUF_LEN 256
#define max(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
size_t readline(int fd, void *ptr, int maxsize)
{
char *p = ptr;
char c;
int rc;
int n;
for (n = 1; n < maxsize; n++) {
again:
if ((rc = read(fd, &c, 1)) == 1) {
*p++ = c;
if (c == '\n') break;
} else if (rc == 0) {
if (n == 1) return 0;
else break;
}else {
if (errno == EINTR) goto again;
else return -1;
}
}
*p = 0;
return n;
}
size_t readn(int fd, void *ptr, size_t n)
{
char *p = ptr;
int nleft = n;
int nread;
while (nleft > 0) {
if ((nread = read(fd, p, nleft)) < 0) {
if (errno == EINTR) nread = 0;
else return -1;
} else if (nread == 0) break;
nleft -= nread;
p += nread;
}
return n - nleft;
}
size_t writen(int fd, void *ptr, size_t n)
{
size_t nwriten;
size_t nleft = n;
char *p = ptr;
while (nleft > 0) {
if ((nwriten = write(fd, p, nleft)) <= 0) {
if (errno == EINTR) nwriten = 0;
else return -1;
}
nleft -= nwriten;
p += nwriten;
}
return n;
}
void str_cli(FILE *file, int fd)
{
char recvline[BUF_LEN], sendline[BUF_LEN];
int maxfdp1;
fd_set fdset;
int ret;
int stdineof = 0;
FD_ZERO(&fdset);
for(;;) {
if (stdineof == 0)
FD_SET(fileno(file), &fdset);
FD_SET(fd, &fdset);
maxfdp1 = max(fileno(file), fd) + 1;
ret = select(maxfdp1, &fdset, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (ret <= 0) {
continue;
}
//printf("ret=%d\n", ret);
if (FD_ISSET(fd, &fdset)) {
if (readline(fd, recvline, BUF_LEN) == 0) {
if (stdineof == 1)
return;
else {
printf("readline error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
}
fputs(recvline, stdout);
}
if (FD_ISSET(fileno(file), &fdset)) {
memset(sendline, 0x00, sizeof(sendline));
if (fgets(sendline, BUF_LEN, file) == NULL) {
//printf("fgets error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
stdineof = 1;
shutdown(fd, SHUT_WR);
FD_CLR(fileno(file), &fdset);
continue;
}
//printf("len=%d\n", strlen(sendline));
writen(fd, sendline, strlen(sendline));
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
struct sockaddr_in serveraddr;
int sockfd;
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
//freopen("6.4Client.c", "r", stdin);
#endif
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) {
printf("socket error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serveraddr.sin_port = htons(SIN_PORT);
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &serveraddr.sin_addr) != 1) {
printf("inet_pton error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
close(sockfd);
return -1;
}
if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&serveraddr, sizeof(serveraddr)) < 0) {
printf("connect error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
close(sockfd);
return -1;
}
str_cli(stdin, sockfd);
exit(0);
}