1.设置视口
在进行移动端开发时使用meta标签设置视口宽度,制作适配不同设备宽度的网页;
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 视口,理想视口,网页宽度等于设备宽度
解决浏览器移动端适配问题 -->
2.flex布局
2.1设置方式
父元素添加display: flex,子元素可以自动的挤压或拉伸
2.2作用
基于Flex 精确灵活控制块级盒子的布局方式,避免浮动布局中脱离文档流现象发生。
Flex布局非常适合结构化布局
2.3组成部分
1.弹性容器
2.弹性盒子
3.主轴
4.侧轴/ 交叉轴
2.4主轴对齐方式
justify-content:对齐方式;
对齐方式有:
居中:center;
元素中间空白均匀分布:space-between;
盒子左右都有间距,盒子左右间距相同 ,两边间距为1,中间间距为2:sapce-around;
弹性盒子与容器之间间距相等,两边间距和盒子间间距相等: space-evenly;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<style>
.box {
width: 1200px;
height: 300px;
margin: 100px auto;
background-color: pink;
/* 弹性容器 */
display: flex;
/* 主轴对齐方式 */
/* 盒子主轴居中,弹性盒子沿主轴均匀排列, 空白间距均分在相邻盒子之间 ,
两边靠边,中间空白均分*/
justify-content: space-between;
/* 弹性盒子沿主轴均匀排列, 空白间距均分在弹性盒子两侧,
盒子左右都有间距,盒子左右间距相同 ,两边间距为1,中间间距为2 */
justify-content: space-around;
/* 盒子主轴居中 */
justify-content: center;
/* 弹性盒子沿主轴均匀排列, 弹性盒子与容器之间间距相等
两边间距和盒子间间距相同*/
justify-content: space-evenly;
}
.box>div {
width: 250px;
height: 200px;
background-color: aqua;
}
.box>div:nth-child(2n+1) {
background-color: green;
}
</style>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.5flex副轴对齐方式
align-items: center;副轴居中
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<style>
.box {
width: 1200px;
height: 700px;
margin: 100px auto;
background-color: pink;
/* 弹性容器 */
display: flex;
/* 侧轴对齐 子元素没设高的情况下默认和父元素高一致*/
align-items: stretch;
/* 从下边开始排列,终点开始排列 */
align-items: flex-end;
/* 侧轴居中 */
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.box>div {
width: 250px;
height: 200px;
background-color: aquamarine;
text-align: center;
font-size: 80px;
line-height: 200px;
}
.box>div:nth-child(2n+1) {
background-color: aqua;
}
</style>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.6副轴子元素单独对齐
在子元素即弹性盒子中加align-self;对自身副轴对齐方式更改
align-self:flex-start;
起点开始依次排列;flex-start;默认
终点开始依次排列:flex-end;
沿侧轴居中排列:center;
默认值, 弹性盒子沿着主轴线被拉伸至铺满容器:stretch;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box {
width: 600px;
height: 600px;
background-color: pink;
display: flex;
margin: 300px auto;
justify-content: center;
}
.box>div {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background-color: #000;
/* border-radius: 50%; */
}
.box>div:nth-child(1) {
align-self:flex-start;
/* background-color: aqua ; */
border-radius: 50%;
}
.box>div:nth-child(2) {
align-self: center;
background-color: aquamarine;
}
.box>div:nth-child(3) {
align-self: flex-start;
border-radius: 50%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div></div>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.7伸缩比
使用flex属性修改弹性盒子伸缩比;
flex:整数;
注意: 只占用父盒子剩余尺寸(应用于圣杯模型)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
.box{
width: 1400px;
height: 400px;
background-color: pink;
display: flex;
}
.box>div{
/* 伸缩比,占的是父盒子的宽度,把他分成了等份
flex:整数 */
flex:1;
background-color: aqua;
}
.box>div:nth-child(2n){
flex:2;
background-color: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<div class="div">woshihezi</div>
<div class="div">woshihezi</div>
<div class="div">woshihezi</div>
<div class="div">woshihezi</div>
<div class="div">woshihezi</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2.8圣杯布局
<!-- 圣杯布局:两边固定宽高,中间自适应 ,会随着宽的增加二自适应,始终占据中间的空白-->
中间的盒子给一个伸缩比为1:flex:1;他会占用剩余父元素的宽;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.search {
width: 100%;
height: 50px;
display: flex;
background-color: pink;
}
.search>div{
text-align: center;
line-height: 50px;
}
.left {
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
align-items: flex-start;
background-color: blue;
}
.center{
flex:1;
background-color: yellow;
}
.right {
height: 50px;
width: 50px;
align-items: flex-end;
background-color: blue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 圣杯布局:两边固定宽高,中间自适应 -->
<div class="search">
<div class="left">
左边
</div>
<div class="center">中间</div>
<div class="right">
右边
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>