rsync

备份方式

• 本地备份
• 远程备份
• 全量备份
• 增量备份

备份软件

• cp
• scp
• rsync
• lvm
• drbd
• cwrsync

https://www.itefix.net/cwrsync

rsync

https://rsync.samba.org/documentation.html
https://www.samba.org/ftp/rsync/rsync.html

特点: 支持本地,远程,全量,增量备份

rsync工作方式

• 本地模式

Local:  rsync [OPTION...] SRC... [DEST]

• 远程模式

Access via remote shell:
  Pull: rsync [OPTION...] [USER@]HOST:SRC... [DEST]
  Push: rsync [OPTION...] SRC... [USER@]HOST:DEST

• 守护进程

Access via rsync daemon:
  Pull: rsync [OPTION...] [USER@]HOST::SRC... [DEST]
        rsync [OPTION...] rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC... [DEST]
  Push: rsync [OPTION...] SRC... [USER@]HOST::DEST
        rsync [OPTION...] SRC... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST

rsync选项

选项	含义
-a, --archive	archive mode; equals -rlptgoD
-r, --recursive	对子目录以递归模式处理
-l	只传输链接文件
-p, --perms	保持文件权限
-t, --times	保持文件时间信息
-g, --group	保持文件属组信息
-o, --owner	保持文件属主信息
-D, --devices	保持设备文件信息
-v, --verbose	详细过程
-z, --compress	传输过程中压缩
-L	传输链接文件,并将源文件中的内容放入链接文件中
-P, --partial	断点续传
-e, --rsh=command	指定使用rsh、ssh方式进行数据同步
–delete	删除那些DST中SRC没有的文件
–bwlimit=	limit I/O bandwidth
–exclude=PATTERN	指定排除不需要传输的文件模式
–exclude-from=FILE	排除FILE中指定模式的文件
–password-file=FILE	从FILE中得到密码

rsync守护进程方式

服务端

配置文件
/etc/rsyncd.conf
/etc/sysconfig/rsyncd

主配置文件 /etc/rsyncd.conf

uid = rsync
gid = rsync
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = false
list = false
hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
[backup]
path = /backup

密码文件 /etc/rsync.password (权限600)

rsync_backup:123

备份目录 /backup (授权 rsync.rsync)

启动

systemctl start rsyncd.service

客户端

密码文件 /etc/rsync.password (权限600)

123

测试

Pull

rsync [OPTION...] [USER@]HOST::SRC... [DEST]
rsync [OPTION...] rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC... [DEST]

Push

rsync [OPTION...] SRC... [USER@]HOST::DEST
rsync [OPTION...] SRC... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST

rsync无认证配置

uid = rsync
gid = rsync
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = true
list = true
[yum]
path = /usr/share/nginx/html

rsync指定配置文件运行

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service

[Unit]
Description=fast remote file copy program daemon
ConditionPathExists=/tmp/rsyncd.conf

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/rsyncd
ExecStart=/usr/bin/rsync --daemon --config=/tmp/rsyncd.conf --no-detach "$OPTIONS"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

vim /tmp/rsyncd.conf

uid = rsync
gid = rsync
port = 873
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = false
list = true
hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24
auth users = rsync_backup
secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
[backup]
path = /backup
[wuxing]
path = /wuxing

rsync使用其它端口

服务端
vim /tmp/rsyncd.conf

uid = rsync
gid = rsync
port = 874
fake super = yes
use chroot = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
ignore errors
read only = false
list = true
hosts allow = 172.16.1.0/24
#auth users = rsync_backup
#secrets file = /etc/rsync.password
[backup]
path = /backup
[wuxing]
path = /wuxing

客户端操作

rsync -avz  rsync://172.16.1.41:874/backup 

rsync -avz  --port=874 172.16.1.41::backup 

rsync环境变量

strings /usr/bin/rsync |grep  "^RSYNC_"
RSYNC_RSH
RSYNC_ICONV
RSYNC_PROTECT_ARGS
RSYNC_PARTIAL_DIR
RSYNC_PROXY
RSYNC_CONNECT_PROG
RSYNC_MODULE_NAME
RSYNC_HOST_NAME
RSYNC_HOST_ADDR
RSYNC_USER_NAME
RSYNC_MODULE_PATH
RSYNC_PID
RSYNC_RAW_STATUS
RSYNC_EXIT_STATUS
RSYNC_REQUEST
RSYNC_ARG%d=%s
RSYNC_PASSWORD

rsync同步公网yum源

/usr/bin/rsync -zrLptgoDP --delete --exclude-from /usr/share/nginx/html/rsync_exclude.txt rsync://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7 /usr/share/nginx/html/centos/

排除文件
/usr/share/nginx/html/rsync_exclude.txt

atomic/
configmanagement/
cr/
cloud/
dotnet/
fasttrack/
isos/
nfv/
opstools/
paas/
rt/
sclo/
storage/
virt/

附

邮件配置
/etc/mail.rc

set from=123456@qq.com
set smtp=smtps://smtp.qq.com:465
set smtp-auth-user=123456@qq.com
set smtp-auth-password=ihppxhssqsiqbfie
set smtp-auth=login
set ssl-verify=ignore
set nss-config-dir=/etc/pki/nssdb/