简单使用URLConnection、HttpURLConnection和HttpClient访问网络资源

URL的openConnection方法将返回一个URLConnection，该对象表示应用程序和URL之间的通信连接。程序可以通过它的实例向该URL发送请求，读取URL引用的资源。

下面通过一个简单示例来演示：

package com.home.urlconnection;  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;  
import java.net.URL;  
import java.net.URLConnection;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;  
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
  
import android.app.Activity;  
import android.os.Bundle;  
import android.view.View;  
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
import android.webkit.WebView;  
import android.widget.Button;  
import android.widget.TextView;  
  
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {  
    private Button urlConnectionBtn;  
    private Button httpUrlConnectionBtn;  
    private Button httpClientBtn;  
    private TextView showTextView;  
    private WebView webView;  
  
    @Override  
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
        init();  
    }  
  
    private void init() {  
        urlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_urlconnection);  
        httpUrlConnectionBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpurlconnection);  
        httpClientBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_btn_httpclient);  
        showTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_tv_show);  
        webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.test_url_main_wv);  
        urlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);  
        httpUrlConnectionBtn.setOnClickListener(this);  
        httpClientBtn.setOnClickListener(this);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public void onClick(View v) {  
        if (v == urlConnectionBtn) {  
            try {  
                // 直接使用URLConnection对象进行连接  
                URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");  
                // 得到URLConnection对象  
                URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();  
                InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();  
                byte[] bs = new byte[1024];  
                int len = 0;  
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();  
                while ((len = is.read(bs)) != -1) {  
                    String str = new String(bs, 0, len);  
                    sb.append(str);  
                }  
                showTextView.setText(sb.toString());  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        if (v == httpUrlConnectionBtn) {  
            // 直接使用HttpURLConnection对象进行连接  
            try {  
                URL url = new URL(  
                        "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc");  
                // 得到HttpURLConnection对象  
                HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url  
                        .openConnection();  
                // 设置为GET方式  
                connection.setRequestMethod("GET");  
                if (connection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {  
                    // 得到响应消息  
                    String message = connection.getResponseMessage();  
                    showTextView.setText(message);  
                }  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        if (v == httpClientBtn) {  
            try {  
                // 使用ApacheHttp客户端进行连接(重要方法)  
                HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();  
  
                // 如果是Get提交则创建HttpGet对象，否则创建HttpPost对象  
                // POST提交的方式  
                HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(  
                        "http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp");  
                // 如果是Post提交可以将参数封装到集合中传递  
                List dataList = new ArrayList();  
                dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "abc"));  
                dataList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "123"));  
                // UrlEncodedFormEntity用于将集合转换为Entity对象  
                httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(dataList));  
  
                // GET提交的方式  
                // HttpGet httpGet = new  
                // HttpGet("http://192.168.1.100:8080/myweb/hello.jsp?username=abc&pwd=321");  
  
                // 获取相应消息  
                HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);  
                // 获取消息内容  
                HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
                // 把消息对象直接转换为字符串  
                String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity);  
                // 显示在TextView中  
                // showTextView.setText(content);  
  
                // 通过webview来解析网页  
                webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, content, "text/html",  
                        "utf-8", null);  
                // 直接根据url来进行解析  
                // webView.loadUrl(url);  
            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
  
}