第三章 Docker 的网络模型

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已于 2022-11-01 10:51:43 修改

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： docker 网络容器

于 2022-10-26 15:46:57 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wuzhenxu1995/article/details/127530785

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我们在使用docker run创建Docker容器时，可以用 --net 参数指定容器的网络模式

Docker有以下4种网络模式：

1、Bridge 模式：是 Docker 的默认网络模式，可以使用docker run `–net=bridge` 指定；

[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker run -it --rm alpine:3.10.3 /bin/sh
/ # ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
32: eth0@if33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP 
    link/ether 02:42:c0:a8:04:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.4.2/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2、None模式，使用docker run --net=none

[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker run -it --rm --net=none alpine:3.10.3 /bin/sh
/ # ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

3、Host(使用宿主机的网络) 使用docker run --net=host

[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker run -it --rm --net=host alpine:3.10.3 /bin/sh
/ # ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:2c:31:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.25.45.191/18 brd 172.25.63.255 scope global dynamic eth0
       valid_lft 313790220sec preferred_lft 313790220sec
3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP 
    link/ether 02:42:fc:af:27:27 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.4.20/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: vethb3612e9@if12: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP 
    link/ether fa:d1:94:05:0f:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

4、Container 模式 docker run --net=container:${container id}

[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                   COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                   PORTS                NAMES
38e36c448e12   zhenxu1995/nginx:v1.2   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes             0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   mynginx
0e2115c02cb4   zhenxu1995/httpd:test   "httpd -D FOREGROUND"    4 days ago      Up 4 days                0.0.0.0:83->80/tcp   myhttpd
f7033445b2bb   hello-world             "/hello"                 2 weeks ago     Exited (0) 2 weeks ago                        cool_benz
[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker exec -it 38e36c448e12 /bin/bash
root@38e36c448e12:/# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.4.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.4.255
        ether 02:42:c0:a8:04:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 11085  bytes 18186380 (17.3 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 10944  bytes 767446 (749.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

测试

[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY         TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
zhenxu1995/nginx   baidu     a6df8dadb9b8   2 hours ago    133MB
zhenxu1995/nginx   mynginx   83edcff7991f   7 hours ago    437MB
zhenxu1995/httpd   test      bce6d03b1a57   4 days ago     397MB
hello-world        latest    feb5d9fea6a5   6 months ago   13.3kB
centos             7         eeb6ee3f44bd   6 months ago   204MB
zhenxu1995/nginx   v1.2      81fae8882e35   8 months ago   133MB
alpine             3.10.3    965ea09ff2eb   2 years ago    5.55MB
[root@wzx-docker ~]# docker run -it --rm --name lhwl-wzx --net=container:38e36c448e12 zhenxu1995/nginx:baidu /bin/bash
root@38e36c448e12:/usr/share/nginx/html# apt-get update && apt-get install net-tools -y
Get:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates InRelease [65.4 kB]
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates/main amd64 Packages [316 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease [122 kB]                       
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates InRelease [51.9 kB]                                                                            
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 Packages [7911 kB]                                                                          
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates/main amd64 Packages [8796 B]                                                                   
Fetched 8475 kB in 3min 27s (40.9 kB/s)                                                                                                          
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  net-tools
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 18 not upgraded.
Need to get 248 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1002 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster/main amd64 net-tools amd64 1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1 [248 kB]
Fetched 248 kB in 52s (4810 B/s)                                                                                                                 
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package net-tools.
(Reading database ... 7638 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../net-tools_1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1) ...
Setting up net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1) ...
root@38e36c448e12:/usr/share/nginx/html# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.4.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.4.255
        ether 02:42:c0:a8:04:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 5085  bytes 9063150 (8.6 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4950  bytes 344257 (336.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0