ObjectDataProvider

在WPF中，ObjectDataProvider描述并不多，而且也很难理解。本来对于Binding来说，其Source来源于Resource中定义的一个对象，好比我们在代码中，引用了一个别处定义的一个变量，还是很直观的。可是如果一个Binding的Source是一个ObjectDataProvider的实例的话——无论是来源于DataContext还是在Binding中直接指定，就有点让人蛋疼了。

其实理解ObjectDataProvider还是有窍门的，首先看一个ObjectDataProvider的例子。

    public class CDataAccess
    {
        ObservableCollection<ImageEmployee> _EmpCollection;

        public ObservableCollection<ImageEmployee> EmpCollection
        {
            get { return _EmpCollection; }
            set { _EmpCollection = value; }
        }

        public CDataAccess()
        {
            _EmpCollection = new ObservableCollection<ImageEmployee>();
        }

        public ObservableCollection<ImageEmployee> GetEmployees()
        {
            SqlConnection conn =
            new SqlConnection("Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=Company;" +
                                "Integrated Security=SSPI");
            SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
            conn.Open();
            cmd.Connection = conn;
            cmd.CommandText = "Select * from ImageEmployee";

            SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
            while (reader.Read())
            {
                EmpCollection.Add(
                    new ImageEmployee()
                    {
                        EmpNo = Convert.ToInt32(reader["EmpNo"]),
                        EmpName = reader["EmpName"].ToString(),
                        Salary = Convert.ToInt32(reader["Salary"]),
                        DeptNo = Convert.ToInt32(reader["DeptNo"]),
                        EmpImage = (byte[])reader["EmpImage"]
                    });
            }
            reader.Close();
            conn.Close();
            return EmpCollection;
        }
    }
}

<Window x:Class="WPF40_Database.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:data="clr-namespace:WPF40_Database"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="912">
    <Window.Resources>
        <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="objDs"
                             ObjectType="{x:Type data:CDataAccess}"
                             MethodName="GetEmployees">
        </ObjectDataProvider>

        <DataTemplate x:Key="EmpDataTemplate">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
              <TextBlock Text="{Binding EmpName}"></TextBlock>
              <Image Source="{Binding EmpImage}"  Height="60" Width="60"/>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>

    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid DataContext="{Binding Source={StaticResource objDs}}">
     <ComboBox Height="80" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="29,30,0,0"
                  Name="lstEmployee" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="274"
                  ItemsSource="{Binding}"
                 ItemTemplate="{StaticResource EmpDataTemplate}"
                   IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True"/>
     <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="688,70,0,0"
                 Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"
                  Text="{Binding EmpNo}"/>
     <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="688,114,0,0"
                 Name="textBox2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"
                 Text="{Binding EmpName}"/>
     <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="688,160,0,0"
                 Name="textBox3" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"
                 Text="{Binding Salary}"/>
     <TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="688,204,0,0"
                 Name="textBox4" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"
                 Text="{Binding DeptNo}"/>
     <Image Height="66" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="688,233,0,0"
               Name="image1"
               Stretch="Fill" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120"
                Source="{Binding EmpImage}"/>
     <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="487,70,0,0"
                  Name="textBlock1" Text="EmpNo" VerticalAlignment="Top"
                   Width="169" />
    <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="487,117,0,0"
                  Name="textBlock2" Text="EmpName" VerticalAlignment="Top"
                   Width="169" />
    <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="487,163,0,0"
                  Name="textBlock3" Text="Salary" VerticalAlignment="Top"
                   Width="169" />
    <TextBlock Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="487,207,0,0"
                  Name="textBlock4" Text="DeptNo" VerticalAlignment="Top"
                   Width="169" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

在这个例子中，

        <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="objDs"
                             ObjectType="{x:Type data:CDataAccess}"
                             MethodName="GetEmployees">
        </ObjectDataProvider>

这一段就是ObjectDataProvider的典型应用形式，设置了ObjectType、MethodName属性的值；

首先要认识到，WPF在实现中，针对ObjectDataProvider有特别的处理，也就是判断Source如果是DataSourceProvider类型的话——这个类型是ObjectDataProvider的基类，会进行如下的处理，以伪码的形式说明：

    if(source is ObjectDataProvider) {

           Object instance=  创建ObjectType指定的类型的实例；

           使用instance调用MethodName指定的方法，然后返回结果，其实这个结果就是ObjectDataProvider的Data属性；

   }

然后把ObjectDataProvider的Data属性作为Binding的真正Source。当然，ObjectDataProvider可以指定构造函数及其参数、指定调用方法的参数，从而更加灵活和强大。