函数getline

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最新推荐文章于 2022-08-22 21:26:25 发布

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文章标签： character basic string stream function newline

getline

function <string>

istream& getline ( istream& is, string& str, char delim );
istream& getline ( istream& is, string& str );

Get line from stream

Extracts characters from is and stores them into str until a delimitation character is found.

从is中提取字符串并把它们存储到str中去，直到遇到定界符为止。

The delimiter character is delim for the first function version, and '/n' (newline character) for the second. The extraction also stops if the end of file is reached in is or if some other error occurs during the input operation.

在上面第一个函数原型中,定界符是delim，而在第二个函数原型中是‘/n'(换行符). 在这个操作的过程中，如果在is中遇到文件结束符或者别的错误情况发生，该函数也会停止。

If the delimiter is found, it is extracted and discarded, i.e. it is not stored and the next input operation will begin after it.

如果定界符被发现，它就被提取或丢弃，也就是说，它如果没有被存储，在此之后它的下一个输入操作将会开始。

Notice that unlike the c-string versions of istream::getline, these string versions are implemented as global functions instead of members of the stream class.

注意它不像 istream::getline中的c-string版本，string版本用全局函数实现，而不是用stream类的成员函数。

Parameters 参数

is istream object on which the extraction operation is performed.提取操作执行的istream对象 str string object where the extracted content is stored.要存储内容的string对象 delim The delimiting character. The operation of extracting succesive characters is stopped when this character is read. 定界字符。当读到这个字符时，连续提取字符的操作将会被停止。

Return Value 返回值

The same as parameter is.

Errors are signaled by modifying the internal state flags:

flag	error
`eofbit`	The end of the source of characters is reached during its operations.
`failbit`	No characters were extracted because the end was prematurely found.Notice that some `eofbit` cases will also set `failbit`.
`badbit`	An error other than the above happened.

Additionaly, in any of these cases, if the appropriate flag has been set with is's member function ios::exceptions, an exception of type ios_base::failure is thrown.

Example

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// getline with strings
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main () {
  string str;
  cout << "Please enter full name: ";
  getline (cin,str);
  cout << "Thank you, " << str << "./n";
}

This example ilustrates how to get lines from the standard input stream ( cin ).

Basic template member declarations

( basic_istream<charT,traits> )

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template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
  basic_istream<charT,traits>&
    getline (basic_istream<charT,traits>& is,
             basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>& str,
             charT delim );
template<class charT, class traits, class Allocator>
  basic_istream<charT,traits>&
    getline (basic_istream<charT,traits>& is,
             basic_string<charT,traits,Allocator>& str );

getline

function

<string>

istream& getline ( istream& is, string& str, char delim );
istream& getline ( istream& is, string& str );

Get line from stream

Extracts characters from is and stores them into str until a delimitation character is found.

The delimiter character is delim for the first function version, and '/n' (newline character) for the second. The extraction also stops if the end of file is reached in is or if some other error occurs during the input operation.

If the delimiter is found, it is extracted and discarded, i.e. it is not stored and the next input operation will begin after it.

Notice that unlike the c-string versions of istream::getline, these string versions are implemented as global functions instead of members of the stream class.

Parameters

istream object on which the extraction operation is performed.

str

string object where the extracted content is stored.

delim

The delimiting character. The operation of extracting succesive characters is stopped when this character is read.

Return Value