头文件:TextQuery.h #pragma once #include <string> #include <vector> #include <map> #include <set> #include <fstream> using namespace std; //文本查讯类 class TextQuery { public: typedef std::vector<std::string>::size_type line_no; //接口 void read_file(std::ifstream& is) { store_file(is); build_map(); } std::set<line_no> run_query(const std::string&) const; std::string text_line(line_no) const; private: void store_file(std::ifstream &);//store input file void build_map(); std::vector<std::string> lines_of_text; std::map<std::string, std::set<line_no> >word_map; }; 文件:TextQuery.cpp #include "TextQuery.h" #include<sstream> void TextQuery::store_file(std::ifstream& is ) { string text_line; while (getline(is, text_line)) { lines_of_text.push_back(text_line); } } void TextQuery::build_map() { for (line_no line_num = 0; line_num != lines_of_text.size(); ++line_num) { istringstream line(lines_of_text[line_num]); string word; while (line >> word) { word_map[word].insert(line_num); } } } std::set<TextQuery::line_no> TextQuery::run_query( const std::string& query_word ) const { map<string, set<line_no> >::const_iterator loc = word_map.find(query_word); if (loc == word_map.end()) { return set<line_no>(); //no fount return empty set } else { return loc->second; } } std::string TextQuery::text_line( line_no line ) const { if (lines_of_text.size()) { return lines_of_text[line]; } throw std::out_of_range("line number out of range"); } 主函数文件:main.cpp #include "TextQuery.h" #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; //函数申明 void print_results(const set<TextQuery::line_no> &locs, const string& sought, const TextQuery& file); string make_plural(size_t ctr, const string& word, const string& ending); ifstream& open_file(ifstream& in, const string& file); int main(int argc, char** argv) { ifstream infile; if (argc < 2 || !open_file(infile, argv[1])) { cerr << "No input file!" << endl; return -1;//EXIT_FAILURE; } TextQuery tq; tq.read_file(infile); while (true) { cout << "Enter a word to look for, or q to quit:"; string s; cin >> s; if (!cin || s == "q") { break; } set<TextQuery::line_no> locs = tq.run_query(s); print_results(locs, s, tq); } } //print_results void print_results(const set<TextQuery::line_no> &locs, const string& sought, const TextQuery& file) { typedef set<TextQuery::line_no> line_nums; line_nums::size_type size = locs.size(); cout << "/n" << sought << " occurs " << size << " " << make_plural(size, "time", "s") << endl; line_nums::const_iterator it = locs.begin(); for ( ; it != locs.end(); ++it) { cout << "/t(line" << (*it) + 1 << ") " //转化为以1开始的通用形式 << file.text_line(*it) << endl; } } string make_plural(size_t ctr, const string& word, const string& ending) { return (ctr <= 1) ? word : word + ending; //make_plural(wc, "word ", "s ")当输入中文本中 //word数大于一是在word后加s,为words为word的复数! } ifstream& open_file(ifstream& in, const string& file) { in.close(); in.clear(); in.open(file.c_str()); return in; }