- 如果能跟踪每个请求,中间请求经过哪些微服务,请求耗时,网络延迟,业务逻辑耗时等。我们就能更好地分析系统瓶颈、解决系统问题。
Sleuth
- span(跨度),基本工作单元。一次链路调用,创建一个span,span用一个64位id唯一标识。包括:id,描述,时间戳事件,spanId,span父id。span被启动和停止时,记录了时间信息,初始化span叫:root span,它的span id和trace id相等。
- trace(跟踪),一组共享“root span”的span组成的树状结构 称为 trace,trace也有一个64位ID,trace中所有span共享一个trace id。类似于一颗 span 树。
- annotation(标签),annotation用来记录事件的存在,其中,核心annotation用来定义请求的开始和结束。
- 开启sleuth: 只需要加依赖项就可以;
- 加依赖:需要监控的系统都加上:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-sleuth</artifactId>
</dependency>
- 日志级别开启 debug 级别
logging:
level:
root: DEBUG
- consumer 调用 provider 查看日志:
--- 调用方 ---
[consumer,a4bf19759a9260f7,a4bf19759a9260f7,true]
[服务名称,traceId(一条请求调用链中 唯一ID),spanID(基本的工作单元,获取数据等),是否向zipkin上报此信息]
--- 被调用方 ---
[provider,a4bf19759a9260f7,f0f55fb160be7380,true]
- 可以看到:traceId 是一样的,就可以定位一条调用链路;
zipkin
-
下载zipkin:
-
启动:
java -jar zipkin-server-2.23.18-exec.jar --server.port=9412
-
开启 zipkin:
-
依赖,consumer 、provider 都要加;
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency>
-
配置文件:consumer 、provider 都要加;
spring:
zipkin:
base-url: http://localhost:9412/
#采样比例1
sleuth:
sampler:
rate: 1
- http://localhost:9412/
SpringBootAdmin
- 也需要启动一个独立的服务,其他的服务把 actuator 收集的信息上边给 admin 服务;
- 依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Admin 界面 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-admin-server-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
- 完整 pom:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.go.cn</groupId>
<artifactId>admin-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>admin-server</name>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
<spring-boot.version>2.2.6.RELEASE</spring-boot.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Admin 界面 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-admin-server-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 注解:
@EnableAdminServer
; - 向 admin 上报信息的服务也需要加入 client 依赖:
<!-- Admin 服务 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
- admin-client 端配置调整:
management:
endpoint:
health:
show-details: always
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
spring:
boot:
admin:
client:
# admin-server 的地址
url: http://localhost:8080
- 应用墙:http://localhost:8080/wallboard
邮件通知
- pom 依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
- 配置文件调整:
spring:
application:
name: cloud-admin
security:
user:
name: root
password: root
# 邮件设置
mail:
host: smtp.qq.com
username: username
password: xxxxxxx # 授权码
properties:
mail:
smpt:
auth: true
starttls:
enable: true
required: true
#收件邮箱
spring.boot.admin.notify.mail.to: xxx@qq.com
# 发件邮箱
spring.boot.admin.notify.mail.from: xxx@qq.com
钉钉通知
---启动类---
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.config.EnableAdminServer;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.domain.entities.InstanceRepository;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableAdminServer
public class AdminApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AdminApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
public DingDingNotifier dingDingNotifier(InstanceRepository repository) {
return new DingDingNotifier(repository);
}
}
--- 通知类 ---
import java.util.Map;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.domain.entities.Instance;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.domain.entities.InstanceRepository;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.domain.events.InstanceEvent;
import de.codecentric.boot.admin.server.notify.AbstractStatusChangeNotifier;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
public class DingDingNotifier extends AbstractStatusChangeNotifier {
public DingDingNotifier(InstanceRepository repository) {
super(repository);
}
@Override
protected Mono<Void> doNotify(InstanceEvent event, Instance instance) {
String serviceName = instance.getRegistration().getName();
String serviceUrl = instance.getRegistration().getServiceUrl();
String status = instance.getStatusInfo().getStatus();
Map<String, Object> details = instance.getStatusInfo().getDetails();
StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
str.append("服务预警 : [" + serviceName + "]");
str.append("[服务地址]" + serviceUrl);
str.append("[状态]" + status);
str.append("[详情]" + JSONObject.toJSONString(details));
return Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
DingDingMessageUtil.sendTextMessage(str.toString());
});
}
}
--- 发送工具类 ---
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
public class DingDingMessageUtil {
public static String access_token = "Token";
public static void sendTextMessage(String msg) {
try {
Message message = new Message();
message.setMsgtype("text");
message.setText(new MessageInfo(msg));
URL url = new URL("https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=" + access_token);
// 建立 http 连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/Json; charset=UTF-8");
conn.connect();
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
String textMessage = JSONObject.toJSONString(message);
byte[] data = textMessage.getBytes();
out.write(data);
out.flush();
out.close();
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
byte[] data1 = new byte[in.available()];
in.read(data1);
System.out.println(new String(data1));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
--- 消息类 ---
public class Message {
private String msgtype;
private MessageInfo text;
public String getMsgtype() {
return msgtype;
}
public void setMsgtype(String msgtype) {
this.msgtype = msgtype;
}
public MessageInfo getText() {
return text;
}
public void setText(MessageInfo text) {
this.text = text;
}
}
public class MessageInfo {
private String content;
public MessageInfo(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
this.content = content;
}
}