最近在看Java的代理模式,静态代理很简单,动态代理搞了很久才明白,感觉智商欠费,在这里记一下笔记,便以后查阅。
1.为什么要实现动态代理呢?静态代理具有局限性。使用静态代理,要为每个委托类写代理类,这样随着委托类越来越多,代理类也就越多,且代码的复用率降低。
2.动态代理如何实现?JDK提供了java.lang.reflect.Proxy类来动态生成代理,且动态代理类需要实现java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler接口,主要实现方式是利用反射原理。InvocationHandler接口定义如下:
public interface InvocationHandler {
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args);
}
其中参数proxy为实现要代理接口的动态代理对象,一般不要它,method代表了被动态代理的接口中要调用的方法,args即为方法参数。
举例说明:
业务接口:
public interface SubA{
public void sendMsg(String message); //发送消息
}
public interface SubB{
public void sendMail(String mail); //发送邮件
}
业务实现类:
public class SubAImpl implements SubA{
@Override
public void sendMsg(String message) {
System.out.println("SubAImpl 发送短信" + message);
}
}
public class SubBImpl implements SubB {
@Override
public void sendMail(String mail) {
System.out.println("SubBImpl 发送邮件" + mail);
}
}
实现InvocationHandler接口类:
public class BeforeHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object proxied;
public BeforeHandler(Object proxied){
this.proxied = proxied;
}
@Override
public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
// 打印出代理类名
System.out.println("发送准备完成");
Object result = null;
// 调用反射,proxid为要代理的对象,即委托类
System.out.println("被代理的类为:" + proxied.getClass().getName());
result = method.invoke(proxied, args);
return result;
}
}
测试:
public class JDKProxyTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SubA subaimpl = new SubAImpl();
SubA subAProxy = (SubA) Proxy.newProxyInstance(SubA.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] {SubA.class}, new BeforeHandler(subaimpl));
subAProxy.sendMsg("nihao message");
SubB subbimpl = new SubBImpl();
SubB subBProxy = (SubB) Proxy.newProxyInstance(SubB.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] {SubB.class}, new BeforeHandler(subbimpl));
subBProxy.sendMail("nihao mail");
}
}
测试输出:
发送准备完成
被代理的类为:SubAImpl
SubAImpl 发送短信nihao message
发送准备完成
被代理的类为:SubBImpl
SubBImpl 发送邮件nihao mail