C++和Java 单例模式

C++ big Three 全部私有，懒汉式 

#include <iostream>
// version1:
// with problems below:
// 1. thread is not safe
// 2. memory leak

class Singleton{
private:
    Singleton(){
        std::cout<<"constructor called!"<<std::endl;
    }
    Singleton(Singleton&)=delete;
    Singleton& operator=(const Singleton&)=delete;
    static Singleton* m_instance_ptr;
public:
    ~Singleton(){
        std::cout<<"destructor called!"<<std::endl;
    }
    static Singleton* get_instance(){
        if(m_instance_ptr==nullptr){
              m_instance_ptr = new Singleton;
        }
        return m_instance_ptr;
    }
    void use() const { std::cout << "in use" << std::endl; }
};

Singleton* Singleton::m_instance_ptr = nullptr;

int main(){
    Singleton* instance = Singleton::get_instance();
    Singleton* instance_2 = Singleton::get_instance();
    return 0;
}

线程不安全

改造方法

Singleton *
Singleton::getInstance() {
    lock();        //上锁
    if (NULL == instance_) {
        instance_ = new Singleton();
    }
    unlock();

    return instance_;
}

 

Singleton *
Singleton::getInstance() {
    if (NULL == instance_) {
        lock();        //上锁
        if (NULL == instance_) {
            instance_ = new Singleton();
        }
        unlock();
    }

    return instance_;
}

Java单例模式

// 饱汉
// UnThreadSafe
public class Singleton1 {
  private static Singleton1 singleton = null;
  private Singleton1() {
  }
  public static Singleton1 getInstance() {
    if (singleton == null) {
      singleton = new Singleton1();
    }
    return singleton;
  }
}

public class Singleton {

    private static final Singleton singleton = new Singleton();

 

    private Singleton() {

 

    }

 

    public static Singleton getInstance() {

        return singleton;

    }

}

public synchronized static Singleton getInstance() {

if (singleton == null) {

singleton = new Singleton();

}

return singleton;

}

public class Singleton {

    /**
     * 对保存实例的变量添加volatile的修饰
     */

    private volatile static Singleton instance = null;

    private Singleton(){

    }

    public static Singleton getInstance(){

//先检查实例是否存在，如果不存在才进入下面的同步块

        if(instance == null){

//同步块，线程安全的创建实例

            synchronized(Singleton.class){

//再次检查实例是否存在，如果不存在才真的创建实例

                if(instance == null){

                    instance = new Singleton();

                }

            }

        }

        return instance;

    }

}