C++ 定义结构体协议实现服务器和客户端的网络通信

通过定义结构体数据，每次发送消息时，包含一个消息头文件，实现简单用户的登陆和登出

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

enum CMD {
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_ERROR,
};

// 消息头
struct DataHeader {
	short dataLength;        
	short cmd;
};


struct Login {
	
	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};

struct LoginResult {
	int result;

};

struct Logout {
	char userName[32];
};

struct LogOutResult {
	int result;
};


int main()
{
	// 启动Windows socket 2.x环境
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
	//----------------

	// --用Socket API建立简易TCP服务器
	// 创建一个socket
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	// 绑定用于接受客户端连接的网络端口
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(9527);
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(_sin)))
		printf("ERROR,绑定用于接受客户端连接的网络端口失败...\n");
	else
		printf("绑定端口成功...\n");

	// 监听端口
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(_sock, 5))
		printf("监听网络端口失败...\n");
	else
		printf("监听网络端口成功...\n");

	// 接收客户端连接
	sockaddr_in clientAddr = {};
	int nAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
	SOCKET _cSock = INVALID_SOCKET;
	_cSock = accept(_sock, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &nAddrLen);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == _cSock)
		printf("接受到无效客户端SOCKET...\n");
	printf("新客户端加入:IP = %s\n", inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));
	char _recvBuf[128] = {};
	while (true) {
		DataHeader header = {};
		int nLen = recv(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(header), 0);
		if (nLen <= 0) {
			printf("客户端已退出，任务结束。");
			break;
		}
		printf("收到命令: %d 数据长度: %d\n", header.cmd, header.dataLength);
		// 处理请求
		switch (header.cmd) {
		case CMD_LOGIN:{
			Login login = {};
			recv(_cSock, (char*)&login, sizeof(login), 0);
			// 忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
			LoginResult ret = { 0 };
			send(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
			send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(LoginResult), 0);
		}
		break;
		case CMD_LOGOUT: {
			Logout logout = {};
			recv(_cSock, (char*)&logout, sizeof(logout), 0);
			// 忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
			LoginResult ret = { 1 };
			send(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
			send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(LogOutResult), 0);
		}
		default:
			header.cmd = CMD_ERROR;
			header.dataLength = 0;
			send(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(header), 0);
		}
		
		
	}
	closesocket(_sock);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

客户端

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

#include <windows.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <iostream>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

struct DataPackage {
	int age;
	char name[32];
};

enum CMD {
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_ERROR,
};

// 消息头
struct DataHeader {
	short dataLength;
	short cmd;
};


struct Login {

	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};

struct LoginResult {
	int result;

};

struct Logout {
	char userName[32];
};

struct LogOutResult {
	int result;
};

int main()
{
	// 启动Windows socket 2.x环境
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
	//----------------
	// 建立一个socket
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
		printf("创建套接字错误...\n");
	// 连接服务器 connect
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(9527);
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	int ret = connect(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
		printf("连接服务器错误...\n");
	else
		printf("连接Socket成功...\n");

	char cmdBuf[128] = {};
	while (true) {
		std::cin >> cmdBuf;
		if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "exit"))
			break;
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "login")) {
			Login login = { "lyd","lydmm" };
			DataHeader dh = {sizeof(login),CMD_LOGIN};
			// 向服务器发送请求命令
			send(_sock, (const char *)&dh, sizeof(dh), 0);
			send(_sock, (const char *)&login, sizeof(login), 0);
			// 接受服务器返回的数据
			DataHeader retHeader = {};
			LoginResult loginRet = {};
			recv(_sock, (char*)&retHeader, sizeof(retHeader), 0);
			recv(_sock, (char*)&loginRet, sizeof(loginRet), 0);
			printf("LoginResult %d\n", loginRet.result);
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "logout")) {
			Logout logout = { "lyd" };
			DataHeader dh = { sizeof(logout),CMD_LOGOUT};
			// 5 向服务器发送请求命令

			send(_sock, (const char *)&dh, sizeof(dh), 0);
			send(_sock, (const char *)&logout, sizeof(logout), 0);
			// 接受服务器返回的数据
			DataHeader retHeader = {};
			LogOutResult logoutRet = {};
			recv(_sock, (char*)&retHeader, sizeof(retHeader), 0);
			recv(_sock, (char*)&logoutRet, sizeof(logoutRet), 0);
			printf("LogoutResult: %d \n", logoutRet.result);
		}
		else
			printf("不支持命令，请重新输入。\n");
		
			
	}
	
	// 关闭套接字
	closesocket(_sock);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}