模块补充

time模块详解:

得到/etc/group/文件的最后一次修改时间，并保存在date.txt下

import os
import time
time = os.path.getctime('/etc/group')
tuple_time = time.localtime(time)
#os.path.getctime 输出文件创建时间
#os.path.getatime 输出最近访问时间
#os.path.getmtime 输出最近修改时间
year = tuple_time.tm_year
month = tuple_time.tm_mon
day = tuple_time.tm_mday
with open('date.txt', 'w') as f:
    f.write("%d %d %d" %(year, month, day))

字符串格式转换为元组

import time
s = '2018-10-10'
print(time.strptime(s, '%Y-%m-%d'))
s_time = '12:12:30'
print(time.strptime(s_time, '%H:%M:%S'))

输出:
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=10, tm_mday=10, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=283, tm_isdst=-1)
time.struct_time(tm_year=1900, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=12, tm_min=12, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=-1)

把元组的时间转换为时间戳

import time
tuple_time = time.localtime()
print(time.mktime(tuple_time))

输出：
1536931085.0

把元组的时间转换字符串格式

import  time
print(time.strftime('%m-%d'))
print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
print(time.strftime('%T'))
print(time.strftime('%F'))

输出:
09-14
2018-09-14
21:19:29
2018-09-14

datetime 模块

from datetime import  date
from datetime import  time
from datetime import  datetime
from datetime import  timedelta
print(date.today())#打印今天的时间
d = date.today()
print(d)
delta = timedelta(days=3)#要减去的天数
print(d - delta)#打印减去天数后的时间
d = datetime.now()
print(d)

输出:
2018-09-14
2018-09-14
2018-09-11
2018-09-14 21:23:23.983153

json模块

d = {'name': 'fentiao'}
jsonStr = json.dumps(d)#把字典形式转换成字符形式
print(jsonStr)
print(type(jsonStr))

输出:
{"name": "fentiao"}
<class 'str'>

import json
l = [1, 2, 3, 4]
jsonLi = json.dumps(l)#把列表形式转换为字符
print(jsonLi, type(jsonLi))

输出:
[1, 2, 3, 4] <class 'str'>

difflib模块

import  difflib  #作用时对比文本之间的差异
file1 = '/etc/passwd'
file2 = '/tmp/passwd'
with open(file1)  as f1, open(file2) as f2:
    text1 = f1.readlines()
    text2 = f2.readlines()
d = difflib.HtmlDiff()  
with open("passwd.html", 'w') as f:
    f.write(d.make_file(text1, text2))