Problem Statement
There is a directed graph G with N vertices and M edges. The vertices are numbered 1 through N, and the edges are numbered 1 through M. Edge i is directed from xi to yi. Here, xi<yi holds. Also, there are no multiple edges in G.
Consider selecting a subset of the set of the M edges in G, and removing these edges from G to obtain another graph G'. There are 2M different possible graphs as G'.
Alice and Bob play against each other in the following game played on G'. First, place two pieces on vertices 1 and 2, one on each. Then,