Project Euler Problem 19

Problem 19

You are given the following information, but you may prefer to do some research for yourself.

• 1 Jan 1900 was a Monday.
• Thirty days has September,
  April, June and November.
  All the rest have thirty-one,
  Saving February alone,
  Which has twenty-eight, rain or shine.
  And on leap years, twenty-nine.
• A leap year occurs on any year evenly divisible by 4, but not on a century unless it is divisible by 400.

How many Sundays fell on the first of the month during the twentieth century (1 Jan 1901 to 31 Dec 2000)?

# 计算1901.1.1到2000.12.31一共有多少个星期日是月初第一天。

def leap_year(n):
    if n % 400 == 0 or (n % 100 != 0 and n % 4 == 0):
        return True
    return False

month_days = [31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31]
days = 365      # From 1901
count = 0
for year in range(1901,2001):
    if leap_year(year):
        month_days[1] = 29
    for month in range(12):
        days += month_days[month]
        if days % 7 == 6:
            count += 1
print(count-1)   # 2001 1.1 is Sunday

结果：171

当然比较简单的思路就是月初第一天是星期几的概率是一样的，所以 1200/7 = 171...3 答案就是171或172