webViwe 报错 For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes

问题起源:

当我们申请我们的app为系统应用，也就是当我们在AndroidManifest文件中添加

android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system"

这一行的时候，如果我们使用webView就会报错：For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes。

 这个是8.0代码中的一种安全机制。

网上查找资料，解决方案都是通过Hook技术根本思想是在异常发生前就给sProviderInstance赋值，因为在getProvider方法中当判断这个值不为空就直接返回了就不会抛异常了

 static WebViewFactoryProvider getProvider() {
        synchronized (sProviderLock) {
            // For now the main purpose of this function (and the factory abstraction) is to keep
            // us honest and minimize usage of WebView internals when binding the proxy.
            if (sProviderInstance != null) return sProviderInstance;

            final int uid = android.os.Process.myUid();
            if (uid == android.os.Process.ROOT_UID || uid == android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID
                    || uid == android.os.Process.PHONE_UID || uid == android.os.Process.NFC_UID
                    || uid == android.os.Process.BLUETOOTH_UID) {
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
                        "For security reasons, WebView is not allowed in privileged processes");
            }

            StrictMode.ThreadPolicy oldPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactory.getProvider()");
            try {
                Class<WebViewFactoryProvider> providerClass = getProviderClass();
                Method staticFactory = null;
                try {
                    staticFactory = providerClass.getMethod(
                        CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD, WebViewDelegate.class);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        Log.w(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider with static factory method", e);
                    }
                }

                Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW, "WebViewFactoryProvider invocation");
                try {
                    sProviderInstance = (WebViewFactoryProvider)
                            staticFactory.invoke(null, new WebViewDelegate());
                    if (DEBUG) Log.v(LOGTAG, "Loaded provider: " + sProviderInstance);
                    return sProviderInstance;
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e(LOGTAG, "error instantiating provider", e);
                    throw new AndroidRuntimeException(e);
                } finally {
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
                }
            } finally {
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_WEBVIEW);
                StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(oldPolicy);
            }
        }
    }

通过源码可以看到这一行代码if (sProviderInstance != null) return sProviderInstance; 紧接着就有抛异常的代码。

所以我们要让sProviderInstance不为空。

网上查找反射方法，发现了良好总方案：
方案一:

public static void hookWebView() {
        int sdkInt = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        try {
            Class<?> factoryClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewFactory");
            Field field = factoryClass.getDeclaredField("sProviderInstance");
            field.setAccessible(true);
            Object sProviderInstance = field.get(null);
            if (sProviderInstance != null) {
                log.debug("sProviderInstance isn't null");
                return;
            }
            Method getProviderClassMethod;
            if (sdkInt > 22) {
                getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getProviderClass");
            } else if (sdkInt == 22) {
                getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getFactoryClass");
            } else {
                log.info("Don't need to Hook WebView");
                return;
            }
            getProviderClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
            Class<?> providerClass = (Class<?>) getProviderClassMethod.invoke(factoryClass);
            Class<?> delegateClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewDelegate");
            Constructor<?> providerConstructor = providerClass.getConstructor(delegateClass);
            if (providerConstructor != null) {
                providerConstructor.setAccessible(true);
                Constructor<?> declaredConstructor = delegateClass.getDeclaredConstructor();
                declaredConstructor.setAccessible(true);
                sProviderInstance = providerConstructor.newInstance(declaredConstructor.newInstance());
                log.debug("sProviderInstance:{}", sProviderInstance);
                field.set("sProviderInstance", sProviderInstance);
            }
            log.debug("Hook done!");
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            log.error(e);
        }

搜索了好多博客都是这个答案，于是兴致勃勃的cv打法一顿操作，但是发现当执行到

Constructor<?> providerConstructor = providerClass.getConstructor(delegateClass);

这一行代码的时候必然会报NoSuchMethod的错误，仔细看了一下frameWork代码，发现WebViewFactoryProvider这个类是个借口类，里面没有构造方法，自然会报这个错误。

又是一通百度，终于找打了另一种hook方案:

方案2：

    private static String TAG = "hookWebView";
    public static void hookWebView(){
        int sdkInt = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        try {
            Class<?> factoryClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewFactory");
            Field field = factoryClass.getDeclaredField("sProviderInstance");
            field.setAccessible(true);
            Object sProviderInstance = field.get(null);
            if (sProviderInstance != null) {
                Log.i(TAG,"sProviderInstance isn't null");
                return;
            }

            Method getProviderClassMethod;
            if (sdkInt > 22) {
                getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getProviderClass");
            } else if (sdkInt == 22) {
                getProviderClassMethod = factoryClass.getDeclaredMethod("getFactoryClass");
            } else {
                Log.i(TAG,"Don't need to Hook WebView");
                return;
            }
            getProviderClassMethod.setAccessible(true);
            Class<?> factoryProviderClass = (Class<?>) getProviderClassMethod.invoke(factoryClass);
            Class<?> delegateClass = Class.forName("android.webkit.WebViewDelegate");
            Constructor<?> delegateConstructor = delegateClass.getDeclaredConstructor();
            delegateConstructor.setAccessible(true);
            if(sdkInt < 26){//低于Android O版本
                Constructor<?> providerConstructor = factoryProviderClass.getConstructor(delegateClass);
                if (providerConstructor != null) {
                    providerConstructor.setAccessible(true);
                    sProviderInstance = providerConstructor.newInstance(delegateConstructor.newInstance());
                }
            } else {
                Field chromiumMethodName = factoryClass.getDeclaredField("CHROMIUM_WEBVIEW_FACTORY_METHOD");
                chromiumMethodName.setAccessible(true);
                String chromiumMethodNameStr = (String)chromiumMethodName.get(null);
                if (chromiumMethodNameStr == null) {
                    chromiumMethodNameStr = "create";
                }
                Method staticFactory = factoryProviderClass.getMethod(chromiumMethodNameStr, delegateClass);
                if (staticFactory!=null){
                    sProviderInstance = staticFactory.invoke(null, delegateConstructor.newInstance());
                }
            }

            if (sProviderInstance != null){
                field.set("sProviderInstance", sProviderInstance);
                Log.i(TAG,"Hook success!");
            } else {
                Log.i(TAG,"Hook failed!");
            }
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            Log.w(TAG,e);
        }
    }

这个方案完美的解决了这个问题。因为中间做了一次判断，判断是低于o版本还是高于o版本。

然后我只要在Activity的oncreate方法中调用就行了，切记一定要在setContentView之前调用，或者在webVIew创建之前调用，不然还是会报错的。

方案2转自:https://www.cnblogs.com/68xi/p/11206543.html