python——生成带logo的二维码图片并且保存、控制打印机打印图片二维码、整合打印（获取输入框的值）、打包成exe文件

1、生成带logo的二维码图片并且保存

前提条件：在D盘里有logo.png的图片，生成的二维码图片在D盘里的111.png

import qrcode
from PIL import Image

# 前提条件：在D盘里有logo.png的图片，生成的二维码图片在D盘里的111.png
def create_qrcode(url, filename):
    qr = qrcode.QRCode(
        version=1,
        # 设置容错率为最高
        error_correction=qrcode.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
        box_size=10,
        border=4,
    )
    qr.add_data(url)
    qr.make(fit=True)

    img = qr.make_image()
    # 设置二维码为彩色
    img = img.convert("RGBA")
    icon = Image.open('D:/logo.png')
    w, h = img.size
    factor = 4
    size_w = int(w / factor)
    size_h = int(h / factor)
    icon_w, icon_h = icon.size
    if icon_w > size_w:
        icon_w = size_w
    if icon_h > size_h:
        icon_h = size_h
    icon = icon.resize((icon_w, icon_h), Image.ANTIALIAS)
    w = int((w - icon_w) / 2)
    h = int((h - icon_h) / 2)
    icon = icon.convert("RGBA")
    # 这里可以修改宽度
    newimg = Image.new("RGBA", (icon_w + 5, icon_h + 5), (255, 255, 255))
    img.paste(newimg, (w - 4, h - 4), newimg)

    img.paste(icon, (w, h), icon)
    img.save('D:/' + filename + '.png', quality=100)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    create_qrcode('https://blog.csdn.net/wy313622821?spm=1011.2124.3001.5343', "111")

2、控制打印机打印图片二维码

背景：需要打印二维码图片，保证手动能够打开图片并且点打印可以打印出来（安装了对应的打印机驱动）
代码为：

import win32print
import win32ui
from PIL import Image, ImageWin

#
# Constants for GetDeviceCaps
#
#
# HORZRES / VERTRES = printable area
#
HORZRES = 30
VERTRES = 30
#
# LOGPIXELS = dots per inch
#
# LOGPIXELSX = 40
# LOGPIXELSY = 45
#
# PHYSICALWIDTH/HEIGHT = total area
#
PHYSICALWIDTH = 30
PHYSICALHEIGHT = 30
#
# PHYSICALOFFSETX/Y = left / top margin
#
PHYSICALOFFSETX = 112
PHYSICALOFFSETY = 113

printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter()
file_name = "test.jpg"

#
# You can only write a Device-independent bitmap
# directly to a Windows device context; therefore
# we need (for ease) to use the Python Imaging
# Library to manipulate the image.
#
# Create a device context from a named printer
# and assess the printable size of the paper.
#
hDC = win32ui.CreateDC()
hDC.CreatePrinterDC(printer_name)
printable_area = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(HORZRES), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(VERTRES)
printer_size = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALWIDTH), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALHEIGHT)
printer_margins = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALOFFSETX), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALOFFSETY)

#
# Open the image, rotate it if it's wider than
# it is high, and work out how much to multiply
# each pixel by to get it as big as possible on
# the page without distorting.
#
bmp = Image.open(file_name)
if bmp.size[0] > bmp.size[1]:
    bmp = bmp.rotate(90)

ratios = [1.0 * printable_area[0] / bmp.size[0], 1.0 * printable_area[1] / bmp.size[1]]
scale = min(ratios)

#
# Start the print job, and draw the bitmap to
# the printer device at the scaled size.
#
hDC.StartDoc(file_name)
hDC.StartPage()

dib = ImageWin.Dib(bmp)
scaled_width, scaled_height = [int(scale * i) for i in bmp.size]
x1 = int((printer_size[0] - scaled_width) / 2)
y1 = int((printer_size[1] - scaled_height) / 2)
x2 = x1 + scaled_width
y2 = y1 + scaled_height
dib.draw(hDC.GetHandleOutput(), (x1, y1, x2, y2))

hDC.EndPage()
hDC.EndDoc()
hDC.DeleteDC()

3、整合

import tkinter
import win32print
import win32ui
from PIL import Image, ImageWin
import qrcode
import pyperclip


# 前提条件：在D盘里有logo.png的图片，生成的二维码图片在D盘里的111.png
# 打包成exe文件：1、在Terminal中安装pip install pyinstaller
# 2、在Terminal中 pyinstaller.exe -F print2.py，把print2.py文件放到build文件夹里
# 3、生成的exe就放在dis里面

#
# 使用字符串生成二维码图片
#
def create_qrcode(url, filename):
    qr = qrcode.QRCode(
        version=1,
        # 设置容错率为最高
        error_correction=qrcode.ERROR_CORRECT_H,
        box_size=10,
        border=4,
    )
    qr.add_data(url)
    qr.make(fit=True)

    img = qr.make_image()
    # 设置二维码为彩色
    img = img.convert("RGBA")
    # icon = Image.open('D:/logo.png')
    icon = Image.open('logo.png')
    w, h = img.size
    factor = 4
    size_w = int(w / factor)
    size_h = int(h / factor)
    icon_w, icon_h = icon.size
    if icon_w > size_w:
        icon_w = size_w
    if icon_h > size_h:
        icon_h = size_h
    icon = icon.resize((icon_w, icon_h), Image.ANTIALIAS)
    w = int((w - icon_w) / 2)
    h = int((h - icon_h) / 2)
    icon = icon.convert("RGBA")
    # 这里可以修改宽度
    newimg = Image.new("RGBA", (icon_w + 5, icon_h + 5), (255, 255, 255))
    img.paste(newimg, (w - 4, h - 4), newimg)

    img.paste(icon, (w, h), icon)
    img.save(filename + '.png', quality=100,dpi=(600.0,600.0))


#
# 使用默认打印机打印二维码图片
#
def print_jiabo():
    #
    # HORZRES / VERTRES = printable area
    #

    #原本 30  30
    HORZRES = 30
    VERTRES = 30
    #
    # LOGPIXELS = dots per inch
    #
    # LOGPIXELSX = 40
    # LOGPIXELSY = 45
    #
    # PHYSICALWIDTH/HEIGHT = total area
    #

    # 74:DA:EA:94:0D:0A
    PHYSICALWIDTH = 30
    PHYSICALHEIGHT = 30
    #
    # PHYSICALOFFSETX/Y = left / top margin
    #
    PHYSICALOFFSETX = 113
    PHYSICALOFFSETY = 113

    printer_name = win32print.GetDefaultPrinter()
    file_name = "zilaijian.png"

    #
    # You can only write a Device-independent bitmap
    # directly to a Windows device context; therefore
    # we need (for ease) to use the Python Imaging
    # Library to manipulate the image.
    #
    # Create a device context from a named printer
    # and assess the printable size of the paper.
    #
    hDC = win32ui.CreateDC()
    hDC.CreatePrinterDC(printer_name)
    printable_area = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(HORZRES), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(VERTRES)
    printer_size = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALWIDTH), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALHEIGHT)
    printer_margins = hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALOFFSETX), hDC.GetDeviceCaps(PHYSICALOFFSETY)

    #
    # Open the image, rotate it if it's wider than
    # it is high, and work out how much to multiply
    # each pixel by to get it as big as possible on
    # the page without distorting.
    #
    bmp = Image.open(file_name)
    if bmp.size[0] > bmp.size[1]:
        bmp = bmp.rotate(90)

    # ratios = [1.0 * printable_area[0] / bmp.size[0], 1.0 * printable_area[1] / bmp.size[1]]
    ratios = [0.85 * printable_area[0] / bmp.size[0], 0.85 * printable_area[1] / bmp.size[1]]
    scale = min(ratios)

    #
    # Start the print job, and draw the bitmap to
    # the printer device at the scaled size.
    # 20 CD 39 9C CD 8E
    #
    hDC.StartDoc(file_name)
    hDC.StartPage()

    dib = ImageWin.Dib(bmp)
    scaled_width, scaled_height = [int(scale * i) for i in bmp.size]
    x1 = int((printer_size[0] - scaled_width) / 2)
    y1 = int((printer_size[1] - scaled_height) / 2)
    x2 = x1 + scaled_width
    y2 = y1 + scaled_height
    # (10,10,1024,768)前面的两个数字是坐标，后面两个数字是打印纸张的大小(注意图片白边)
    # dib.draw(hDC.GetHandleOutput(), (x1, y1, x2, y2))
    # print("====>",x1, y1, x2, y2)
    dib.draw(hDC.GetHandleOutput(), (11, 10, x2, y2))

    hDC.EndPage()
    hDC.EndDoc()
    hDC.DeleteDC()


def start(deviceID):
    # print("设备id==：", deviceID.replace(" ", ":"))
    deviceID_m = deviceID.replace(" ", ":")
    # 把设备id设置到 粘贴板（这一句不要可以删除，不影响其他）
    pyperclip.copy(deviceID_m)

    # create_qrcode('https://iot.fslihua.cn/aixiang/M6z7uBqbPj.txt?deviceId=20:CD:39:B4:E8:6D', "zilaijian")
    create_qrcode('https://iot.fslihua.cn/aixiang/M6z7uBqbPj.txt?deviceId=' + deviceID_m, "zilaijian")
    print_jiabo()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 界面****begin
    window = tkinter.Tk()
    window.geometry("300x100")

    t1 = tkinter.StringVar()
    E1 = tkinter.Entry(window, textvariable=t1, bd=3)
    E1.pack()

    # 获取输入框的值：E1.get()
    B = tkinter.Button(window, text="开始打印", command=lambda: start(E1.get()))
    B.pack()

    L1 = tkinter.Label(window, text="请把设备的ID复制到上面的输入框里")
    L1.pack()

    window.mainloop()
    # 界面****end

4、打包成exe文件

1、在Terminal中安装pip install pyinstaller
2、在Terminal中 pyinstaller.exe -F print2.py，把print2.py文件放到build文件夹里，不要黑色的空窗口的打包：pyinstaller.exe -w -F print2.py
总结命令：
Pyinstaller -F setup.py 打包exe
Pyinstaller -F -w setup.py 不带控制台的打包
Pyinstaller -F -i xx.ico setup.py 打包指定exe图标打包
3、生成的exe就放在dis里面